Conclusion The Swedish Eating Assessment Tool (S-EAT-10) is a reliable and valid self-administered tool in assessment of dysphagia in adult Swedish patients with high internal consistency, reliability, and discriminative validity. The normative data show that a score of 3 or more is abnormal. S-EAT-10 is recommended to be used in preliminary diagnostics of dysphagia. Objective To translate and adapt the EAT-10 for use in the Swedish patient population, and to present norms and measures of discriminative validity and reliability of a Swedish version of the Eating Assessment Tool-10 (S-EAT-10). Methods Prospective consecutive clinical study. In total, 134 community-dwelling adult respondents/controls without dysphagia completed the S-EAT-10, as did 119 patients referred for fiberendoscopic evaluation of swallowing at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. Patient vs control status was used as the criterion for discriminative validity assessment by logistic regression analysis. Results The mean S-EAT-10 score was 0.2 (range = 0-3) for controls and 18 (range = 0-38) for patients. Based on a cut-off score of ≥ 3 which was considered to be reflective of abnormalities, sensitivity was 98.5% and specificity 94.1%. Internal consistency reliability was high (Cronbach's alpha = 0.88), as was test-re-test reliability (ICC = 0.90).

Background: The Eating Assessment Tool is a self-rating questionnaire developed to assess symptom severity and treatment efficacy in swallowing disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the structural validity of the Eating Assessment Tool and whether individual item scores differed between dysphagia secondary to neurological and structural/esophageal disorders, respectively. Methods: This is a prospective cross-sectional questionnaire study. In total, 200 community-dwelling adults with suspected dysphagia referred for fiberoptic endoscopic examination of swallowing at

Introduction: Road traffic accidents are the leading issues in health care sector. Every day thousands of people die and many will be left with physical disabilities which makes their family life more miserable. Road traffic accidents are commonly seen in teenagers and young adults. This study was conducted to understand the level of knowledge of teenagers on traffic safety rules and their attitude about it. Materials and Methods: A descriptive design was adopted for the study. The data was collected using structured knowledge questionnaire to understand the knowledge on regulations of traffic safety and attitude was measured using rating scale. The validity of the domains of questionnaire and rating scale was established in consultation with six experts. Reliability of the knowledge questionnaire was tested by using spilt half method and attitude scale by Cronbach's alpha. Pretesting of tool and pilot study was conducted among 10 samples. Results: The study results showed 80% students had average knowledge on traffic safety rules and had a favorable attitude towards traffic safety rules. There was a significant association between level of knowledge and demographic variables such as such age (χ 2 =0.044), and information regarding traffic safety rules (χ 2 =0.043). There was a significant association between attitude and source of information regarding road safety rules (χ 2 = 0.018) Conclusion: The finding of the study revealed that majority of the teenagers had average knowledge and had favorable attitude towards traffic safety rules.