The optimal method for creating a de-cellularized lung scaffold that is
devoid of cells and cell debris, immunologically inert, and retains necessary
extracellular matrix (ECM) has yet to be identified. Herein, we compare
automated detergent-based de-cellularization approaches utilizing either
constant pressure (CP) or constant flow (CF), to previously published protocols
utilizing manual pressure (MP) to instill and rinse out the de-cellularization
agents. De-cellularized lungs resulting from each method were evaluated for
presence of remaining ECM proteins and immunostimulatory material such as
nucleic acids and intracellular material. Our results demonstrate that the CP
and MP approaches more effectively remove cellular materials but differentially
retain ECM proteins. The CP method has the added benefit of being a faster,
reproducible de-cellularization process. To assess the functional ability of the
de-cellularized scaffolds to maintain epithelial cells, intra-tracheal
inoculation with GFP expressing C10 alveolar epithelial cells (AEC) was
performed. Notably, the CP de-cellularized lungs were able to support growth and
spontaneous differentiation of C10-GFP cells from a type II-like phenotype to a
type I-like phenotype.
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