Background and Objectives -These guidelines were written by an international group of specialists with the aim to provide veterinarians with current recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of canine demodicosis.Methods -Published studies of the various treatment options were reviewed and summarized. Where evidence in form of published studies was not available, expert consensus formed the base of the recommendations.

The medical records of 81 dogs (47 juvenile, 34 adult) with generalized demodicosis were reviewed. There was a significant difference in the distribution of breeds (juvenile P < 0.002, adult P < 0.001; chi squared) presented for demodicosis compared with the distribution of the same breeds presented to our practice during the same time period. Cocker Spaniels and mixed‐breed dogs were likely to be under‐represented in both the adult‐ and juvenile‐onset groups. Significantly more miticidal treatments were required to achieve clinical remission in adult dogs with pustular demodicosis compared with juvenile dogs with pustular disease (P < 0.05; Kruskall‐Wallis). Concurrent disease and associated drug administration were assessed for adult dogs with demodicosis. Of dogs with concurrent conditions (n=15), administration of corticosteroids and endogenous hyperadrenocorticism were recognized most often (10/15). Concurrent neoplastic, infectious, parasitic or metabolic disease was uncommon in dogs with adult‐onset demodicosis. Résumé— Les dossiers médicaux de 81 chiens présentant des démodécies généralisées (47 formes juvéniles, 34 formes adultes) ont été analysés. Il existait une différence significative (forme juvénile P < 0.002, forme adulte P < 0.001) dans la distribution des races présentées pour démodécie par rapport aux mêmes races présentées à notre consultation à la même époque. Les cockers spaniels et les chiens métissés sont sous ‐ représentés dans les deux groupes. Le nombre de traitements acaricides nécessaires pour obtenir une rémission clinique était significativement plus élevé chez les chiens adultes présentant une démodécie pustulcuse que chez les jeunes (P < 0.05; Kruskall‐Wallis). La présence de pathologies intercurrentes ou iatrogènes a été recherchée chez les chiens adultes. Chez les chiens présentant une pathologie intercurrente (n=15), les diagnostics les plus fréquents (10/15), étaient l'administration de corticoïdes ou un hypercorticisme endogène. Une pathologie intercurrente de type néoplasique, infectieuse, parasitaire ou métabolique est rarement associée à la forme adulte de démodécie canine. [Lemarié, S.L., Hosgood G., Foil C.S. A retrospective study of juvenile‐ and adult‐onset generalized demodicosis in dogs (1986–91) (Analyse retrospective de formes juveniles et de formes adultes de demodecie generalisee chez le chien (1986–91). Veterinary Dermatology 1996; 7: 3–10.] Resumen  Se revisó la historia médica de 81 perros (47 jóvenes, 34 adultos) con demodicosis generalizada. Habia diferencias significativas en la distribución de razas (jóvenes P < 0.002, adulto P < 0.001; chi cuadrado) con una presentación de demodicosis comparado con la distribución de las mismas razas que se presentaron en nuestra consulta durante el mismo período. Los Cocker Spaniel y los cruzados tenían menos posibilidades de presentarse tanto en el grupo de perros jóvenes como en el de adultos. Se necesitaron tratamientos significativamente más miticidas para consequir curación clínica en los perros adultos con...

Mycobacterial skin disease in cats associated with atypical mycobacteria is an uncommon disease in small animal practice, and the disease is rarely encountered in dogs. A mycobacterial etiology should be considered in cases of chronic nodular dermatitis, draining tracts, and panniculitis. Cats and dogs affected with atypical mycobacterial infections are usually otherwise healthy, and systemic illness is unusual. In most cases, a diagnosis is made based on histopathological findings and growth of a causative organism. Group IV atypical mycobacteria can usually be grown following submission of affected tissue. Treatment should be based on antibiotic sensitivity test results. Treatment is prolonged and is unsuccessful in many cases. In cases of feline leprosy and canine leproid granuloma syndrome, organisms are difficult if not impossible to grow, and clinical and histopathological findings should be used to make a diagnosis. Spontaneous resolution of disease has been reported in atypical mycobacteriosis, feline leprosy, and canine leproid granuloma syndrome.

Conidiobolomycosis was diagnosed via culture from an oral lesion in a 1.5-year-old German Shepherd dog. Clinically, the lesion consisted of a large, irregularly shaped, ulcerative focus on the caudal hard palate. Microscopically, the lesion was characterized by an eosinophilic granulomatous stomatitis with hyphal organisms surrounded by eosinophilic sleeves (Splendore±Hoeppli material) suggestive of an entomophthoramycosis. The fungus was cultured and identi®ed with features consistent with Conidiobolus sp. Treatment with itraconazole at 10 mg kg 71 twice daily for 61 days resulted in clinical and radiographic resolution of the lesion.

Epitheliotropic cutaneous T-cell lymphoma in a Lhasa Apso dog treated with dacarbazine is reported. Clinical disease consisted of a 4 x 4-cm ulcerated mass over the mandibular symphysis and bilateral lymphadenopathy of the submandibular lymph nodes. Skin biopsy sections were diagnostic for epitheliotropic cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, and immunohistochemistry staining for the CD3 antigen was positive. Tissue samples were submitted for chemosensitivity testing and dacarbazine was shown to be 60% effective. Treatment with dacarbazine resulted in total clinical remission. The dog remains disease free 1 year after treatment.