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Three parameters are essential to describe static accommodative behavior in a comprehensive, quantitative manner: the slope of the stimulus/response curve, the depth of focus, and the tonic response. These parameters were obtained in amblyopes, former amblyopes, strabismus without amblyopia, and normals. Results showed that the accommodative response in the amblyopic eye was characterized by a reduction in the slope of the stimulus/response curve and increased depth of focus. Similar abnormalities but of lesser magnitude were found in the non-dominant eye of some former amblyopes and some strabismus without amblyopia. Orthoptic therapy always increased the slope of the stimulus/response curve in the amblyopic eye. We believe that the reduced accommodative responses found in amblyopic eyes reflect a primary sensory loss over the central retinal region that occurs as a result of prolonged, early, abnormal visual experience associated with the presence of strabismus and/or anisometropia.

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Monocular accommodative amplitudes were measured in amblyopic individuals by the subjective minus lens and push-up techniques and by objective dynamic retinoscopy. Accommodative amplitudes were always reduced in amblyopic eyes using the minus lens and retinoscopy techniques, but not with the push-up technique which inflated this measure. Owing to difficulty in detecting defocused stimuli with the amblyopic eye, it is suggested that the objective retinoscopic technique be used by clinicians for accurate assessment of accommodative amplitude in these patients.

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