The measurement of the atmospheric ozone and its influence upon the climate and life on Earth is undoubtedly one of the most current issues of the present time. The paper presents the functional scheme of a satellite optoelectronic spectrophotometer for measuring the total content of the atmospheric ozone and other gas components of the atmosphere, which has increased precision, smaller weight and energy consumption, increased space and time resolution, quickness of reaction and increased volume of useful information. The object of the paper is the design of an appliance which ensures research of the ozone content in the atmosphere from the board of a satellite.

A model of factor analysis is developed in the process of designing complex optical systems. The factor analysis is very necessary when designing photometric and spectrophotometric optical-electronic devices which consist of entrance-scanning system by space, lens with inner focusing, collimator objective which ensure the entering of a parallel shaft of rays over a dispersing diffraction grate over a wave length, chamber lens and respectively a sensor. These and similar optical systems require a higher degree of elimination of the chromatic aberration, etc. which ensures a good quality of the optical system and of the obtained results.

n the current paper, satellite methods for research of gas content of the atmosphere are presented. The stress is on the satellite methods and the measurement geometry. A generalized characteristic of the absorption specters of the atmospheric ozone and gases into the optic range is presented when research with land and satellite appliances and apparatuses. An evaluation of the satellite methods is made when measuring the content of small gases. Scientific results are presented which are received by satellite experiments and the perspectives of satellite research are laid down.

Defining of the information quantity as a function from the adaptation brightness. It has been found that there exists a correlation between the information quantity which is transferred by a telescopic appliance and the eye and the background brightness in which the object will be observed and this allows to define an informational criterion about the quality of the apparatus as a function from the background brightness. The given formulas are used to evaluate concrete apparatuses for observation, which are applied in distant objects discovery from the board of man-navigated spacecrafts and they are in fact used there.

Some interrelations of two-dimensional image of optic electronic devices are developed in this paper. The informativity of the object image is investigated through the use of multi spectral optic system, limited by aberrations.