Background Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a chronic, unpleasant autoimmune inflammatory condition and is clinically and radiologically often confused with breast malignancy. Purpose To investigate the contributions of qualitative and quantitative aspects of acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) elastography to the differential diagnosis between IGM and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) in the breast. Material and Methods Ninety-four women with IDC and 39 with IGM were included in the study. Shear wave velocity (SWV) was calculated for all lesions using quantitative elastography. Next, each lesion’s correspondence on qualitative elastographic images to those on the B-mode images was evaluated: pattern 1, no findings on elastography images; pattern 2, lesions that were bright inside; pattern 3, lesions that contained both bright and dark areas; and pattern 4, lesions that were dark inside. Pattern 4 was subdivided into 4a (dark area same size as lesion) and 4b (dark area larger than lesion size). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and diagnostic accuracy were calculated. Results The mean SWV based on ARFI elastography was 3.78 ± 1.26 m/s for IGM and 5.34 ± 1.43 m/s for IDC lesions ( P < 0.05). Based on qualitative ARFI elastography, IDC lesions were mostly classified as pattern 4b, while IGM lesions were mostly classified as pattern 1 or 2 ( P = 0.01). Evaluation of both the qualitative and quantitative aspects of ARFI elastography yielded a sensitivity of 89% and specificity of 84%. Conclusion ARFI elastography may facilitate the differential diagnosis between IGM and IDC.

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The knowledge of variations in the CMT prior to vascular or laparoscopic interventions will contribute to early intervention in case of a complication, or to avoid from a potential damage.

In lower-extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT), thrombus age is essential for successful treatment. The aim of our study was to compare the shear wave elastography (SWE) values measured before treatment and achieved lumen patency after treatment in lower-extremity DVT patients with total occlusion. Patients diagnosed with DVT in the acute-subacute stage (<4 week) with total thrombosis in lower extremity were included in this prospective study. Shear wave elastography measurements were performed where the thrombus was most prominent and homogeneous. To evaluate patient response to treatment, lumen patency (partial [>25%] or total recanalization) was examined using color Doppler imaging in the first and third months posttreatment. Shear wave elastography values with and without patency were compared using an independent t test. Among 75 patients in this study, at the first-month color Doppler imaging examination, the SWE values were 1.77 ± 0.49 (1.09-3.03) m/s in patients who achieved lumen patency (n = 42) and 2.21 ± 0.54 (1.24-3.36) m/s in those who did not show lumen patency (n = 33). The difference between the groups' mean elastography value was statistically significant ( P < 0.001). At the third-month examination, the SWE values were 1.76 ± 0.46 (1.09-3.03) m/s in patients with lumen patency (n = 55) and 2.52 ± 0.48 (1.74-3.36) in patients without lumen patency (n = 20). The difference between the 2 groups' mean elastography value was statistically significant ( P < 0.001). We concluded that it is more difficult to achieve lumen patency in veins occluded by thrombus with higher elasto values, and endovascular interventional procedures should be considered during the initial treatment of high SWE value thrombosis.