Purpose:The purpose of vitro study was to assessment of the bacterial contamination on daily twice-used toothbrushes in different conditions after 1-month and 3 months.Materials and Methods:Forty children aged between 6 and 12 years were selected for this study. Toothbrushes and toothpaste were distributed among those children. Among those children, 20 children brushed their teeth for 1-month and 20 brushed their teeth for 3 months twice a day. Among those, 10 were kept in same brush box with a family member and 10 were kept in separate brush box after the use. Toothbrush from every child was recollected to investigate the contamination of microorganisms. Head of the toothbrushes transferred to a tube containing 10 ml of tryptone soy broth. This was followed by vortex mixing for 1 min to dislodge suspected adherent bacteria. The bacterial suspension was serially diluted to obtain dilution factors of up to 10−3. 1 ml each of the dilution factors was obtained using a sterile pipette and plated on plate count agar. Petri dishes containing agar media were incubated and examined using a compound microscope.Results:There was high mean difference between 1-month and 3 months, twice a day used toothbrush those kept with family members and those kept separate.Conclusions:Toothbrush should keep in a separate box. Moreover, toothbrush should to be change after 3-4 weeks.

The physio-chemical properties of saliva like pH, buffering capacity, salivary flow rate, concentration of various components like proteins, calcium and antioxidant defense system play a major role in the development of caries. Hence, more clinical and laboratory studies are needed to determine the exact relationship between these physio-chemical properties of saliva and dental caries.

Good oral health is an integral component of good health. Infant oral health (IOH) is the foundation upon which preventive education and dental care must be built to enhance the opportunity for lifetime free of preventable oral diseases. Researches show that mothers play an important role in the decision making processes regarding health care for their children. Identifying the indispensible role of mothers about health care for their children it becomes mandatory to assess the knowledge and attitudes regarding infant oral health and educating them as they are the primary care givers. A cross-sectional survey was undertaken among 400 lactating mothers post partum admitted in various government and private hospitals of Udaipur city after obtaining ethical clearance from the concerned authorities. Of the 400 subjects surveyed, included 200 rural mothers from the nearby villages of Udaipur city and 200 urban mothers from Udaipur city. The responses were assessed based on the recommendations of American of Paediatric Dentistry (AAPD).Based on the results of this study it was found that knowledge of mothers was inadequate on IOH care, urban mothers had a comparatively poorer knowledge than rural. There is a need to increase the knowledge of mothers, especially in the urban sector through effective strategies.

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