The novel test has the potential to provide substantial cost savings for NHS. Even when the novel test's cost is added to the current cost of care, the benefits exceed the additional cost, driven by the test's ability to reduce the rates of false-positive and false-negative diagnoses compared to current standard of care. Potential study limitations include the use of a pooled average of the individual sensitivities and specificities of currently used tests since no data were available on combination testing, the reliance on clinical trial data versus actual practice, and the use of clinical expert opinion when published data were unavailable.

Physicians self-reported an inadequacy in diagnosing, treating and managing patients with FM in current practice. A subset of PCPs, however, perceived an ability to reach a definitive diagnosis and initiate treatment plans relatively sooner than the other respondents. If the perception of this subset can be confirmed with objective clinical outcomes, and these behaviours modelled, steps could be taken to improve FM care within the broader PCP setting.

Research suggests that efficient FM care delivery during diagnosis and treatment can be associated with improved practice economics.

The novel PE test has the potential to provide substantial cost savings to German healthcare payers, even when used as an addition to standard practice. Better classification of patients at risk for developing PE and declassification of those that are not compared to current practice leads to economic savings for the healthcare system. Furthermore, by reducing the rates of false-positive and false-negative classification relative to current standard of care, the test helps better target healthcare spending and lowers overall costs associated with PE care.

There is a definitive risk of venous air embolism when the fluid infusion is complete and the drip set is still open in a glass bottle. We have devised a novel way of preventing the chances of air embolism when the fluid in the glass bottle finishes. It really gives a “U” turn to the chances of venous air embolism.