Objective: To use a systematic review to determine which all are the contributing factors that play role in success rate of orthodontic mini-implants.Materials and methods: Different databases were searched without limitations up to July 2015. Additionally, the bibliographies of the finally selected articles were hand searched to identify any relevant publications that were not identified earlier. In vitro and in vivo articles were included. Both human and animal studies were included. Thirty five articles were initially selected, finally 28 articles were included in the study. Conclusion:This review article conclude that success of orthodontic mini-implants depends on multiple factors which can be broadly classified under four headings-mechanical factors, biologic factors, placement technique, microbial factors. Mechanical factors included diameter of mini-implants, surface characteristics, load and its relation with implants, microgrooves, miniscrew versus manipulates, biologic factors included Inter-radicular space, skeletal growth pattern, placement site, racial factors, root proximity, placement techniques such as self-tapping and self-drilling placement, laser therapy, reinstalled mini-implants, pre drilling diameter play a vital role in success of implants. Microbial factors such as microbial floral changes after implant placement and inflammation surrounding the implants also have an important role in success and failure of implant.

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Orthodontic appliances have always been a factor impeding oral hygiene maintenance, resulting in plaque accumulation and enamel demineralization. But method of ligation as an additional factor has been evaluated by very few.New non-conventional ligation methods are available, which reduces the friction (eg.Slide modules), but the amount of plaque accumulation with them is a concern. So, the aim of this study was to determine changes in microbial flora and periodontal status with two different archwire ligation techniques-ie conventional elastomeric modules and Slide TM (Leone Orthodontic Product). METHOD: 10 Orthodontic patients were selected for this split-mouth study and two auxiliaries (elastomeric rings and Slide modules) for ligating archwires were tested. Microbial and periodontal records were obtained before bonding (T0), one day later (T1), and four weeks after bonding (T2). Paired t-test was applied to compare the groups statistically. RESULT: The slide modules were associated with a higher score for plaque, bonded bracket plaque index, bleeding and greater number of microbial colonies than elastomeric modules (P<0.05). Whereas no significant increase in gingival index and pocket depth was observed. CONCLUSION: Slide modules favors plaque accumulation and it should be used cautiously in patients with poor oral hygiene.

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