AIDS is a severe disease caused by Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) that affects patient’s immune system, especially CD4+ Tcells (CD4). Hence, CD4 count is used as parameter to starting ARV treatment or monitoring the progress of the disease. However, themeasurement of CD4 is expensive and available in big hospitals. In small or remote hospitals there are no means to measure the CD4.Some studies suggest that in an area where CD4 count is unavailable, the total lymphocyte count (TLC) of HIV/AIDS patients can roughlybe used to predict CD4 values. This study is aimed to see whether the TLC values can be used to roughly predict the CD4 count of HIV/AIDS patients and to formulate the correlation form between them. A cross sectional study design was applied to 79 blood samples ofHIV/AIDS patients from Clinical Pathology Laboratory of Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital from January to September 2007. The bloodsamples were tested for TLC as well as CD4 values. The correlation of TLC and CD4 values was tested with Pearson Correlation Test andthe correlation formula was derived from curve estimation of Regression Analysis. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of various cutpoint of TLC (1000, 1200, 1500, 2000) to predict CD4 < 200/ul were determined using cross tabulation Fisher Exact Test. A positivecorrelation was found between TLC and CD4 count (R = 0.528, p < 0.001) with the regression formula is CD4 = 0.09TLC – 1.42.The WHO standard cut point TLC1200/ul give best result for sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV: 80.6%, 91.7%, 98.2% and 45.8%,respectively. The cut point of TLC1200 can be used to roughly predict CD4 < 200/ul of HIV/AIDS patients, so, can be use as a mark forstarting ARV therapy in the place were measurement of CD4 is unavailable

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is a non specific test that describes changes in protein plasma and is useful to determine inflammatory case. ESR is determined by using manual and automatic. In big cities, automatic method is more popular now days, but in periphery area, manual method is still the choice. To find out correlation between the results of manual and automatic tests. Cross sectional study was carried out among 200 patients at dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Public Hospital of Makassar from September to October 2005. The data were analyzed using R-Square (R2) and regression test using SPSS 11.5. There is significant correlation (P<0.05) among vertical manual, oblique manual and automatic methods. R2 of automatic and vertical methods are 0.95 (the first one hour) and 0.94 (the second one hour), as well as the R2 of oblique and vertical methods are 0.62 (the first one hour) and 0.87 (the second one hour) respectively. There is correlation among the results of the three methods. To convert the result of automatic to vertical, an equation of vertical score = 4.32 + 1.00 (automatic score) can be used. Meanwhile, conversion of oblique score to vertical score is vertical score = 7.58 + 0.99 (oblique score).

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is associated with an increased cardiovascular risk. Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) is a strong predictor of myocardial infarction. The aim of this study was to know the difference of AIP in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with and withoutDM. This study was conducted by cross sectional method using data from the medical records of AMI patients at the Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar during January 2010 up to May 2013. The AIP values were calculated by the [log (TG: HDL-C)] formula. All data were classified into two groups. The data were then analyzed by unpaired T test. In this study, AMI was mostly found in the 50–59 years group, 33.63%. The AIP in AMI with DM was higher than without DM (0.69±0.26 vs 0.57±0.26, p=0.001). The AIP in AMI with and without DM was higher in the female than the male group (0.63±0.24 vs 0.62±0.28. P=0.58). The Atherogenic Index of Plasma in AMI with DM was higher than without DM. Based on this study, it can be concluded, that AIP can be used as the predictor of cardiovascular risk in diabetes patients.

Management of acute ischemic stroke patients based on their severity in emergency services is critical. One of the easy, fast, and affordable biochemical markers is serum sodium and albumin, which correlate with the severity of acute ischemic stroke. This research aimed to analyze the correlation of serum sodium and albumin levels with the severity of acute ischemic stroke. This retrospective study used medical record data of 165 acute ischemic stroke patients for the period January 2018-April 2021 at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar. Patients were classified according to the degree of mild, moderate, or severe stroke through the NIHSS score. Examination of serum sodium was done by Electrolyte Analyzer NOVA 5 and albumin with ABX Pentra 400. Data normality test Kolmogorov-Smirnov. The statistical test used the Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney, and Spearman (significant if p<0.05). There was a negative correlation between serum albumin levels and the severity of stroke patients (p<0.001; r= -0.327). There was no significant association between serum sodium and ischemic stroke severity. There was a statistically significant difference in serum albumin levels in patients with mild and moderate stroke (p=0.001), mild and severe (p=0.001). Albumin correlates the outcome of acute ischemic stroke patients (p<0.001), cut-off ≤ 3.25 g/dL (sensitivity 66.7%, specificity 50%). Hypoalbuminemia exacerbates cytotoxic edema by causing water and ions to cross the blood-brain barrier to the astrocytes resulting in further neuron damage. Albumin has a correlation with the NIHSS score (p<0.001; r= -0.327). The lower the albumin level, the higher the NIHSS score, indicating the ischemic stroke severity.