This present paper explores the celebrities appearing on television advertisements. The purpose is to identify the influence of celebrity endorsement on consumer buying intention in Sri Lanka. Television Advertising is one of the marketing communication tools used to receive the attention of the customer and build their loyalty to perfume brands. Celebrity advertisement is an important and frequently used marketing tool to directly influence the consumers' purchase intentions. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of celebrity endorsement on customer purchasing intention for perfume brands. The survey method was used as the research method.Questionnaire was utilized in gathering information from the respondents in Colombo and Gampaha in Sri Lanka.Cluster sampling was used to select a sample size of 100 and collected data were analyzed descriptively using the SPSS 20.0 version. Correlation analysis was conducted to establish the nature of the relationship between the celebrity endorsers and consumer purchasing intention. Results showed significant relationship between the celebrity endorsement (likability, credibility, personality, attractiveness, and expertise) and consumer purchasing intention, so that all five hypotheses were accepted by this exploration.Keywords: celebrity endorsement, likability, personality, attractiveness, credibility, expertise and consumer purchasing intention IntroductionAncient tombs have proven that fragrance played a part in the lives of ancient Egyptians dating back as far as King Menes in around 3500 and 3000 BC. In ancient times, burning incense and sweet herbs was the privilege of priests in the earliest civilizations. It was these ceremonial burnings that gave perfume its name. In Roman times, worship to the gods took place "per fumum", meaning "through smoke". It was this Latin phrase * Acknowledgements: I am indebted to all the assistants who help me in data collection and analysis, so that I was possible to conclude this study in this international publication.* No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.Roshan Priyankara, professional model/commercial actor (MBM pending) which became the modern word "perfume".Perfumes have been known to exist in some of the earliest human civilizations, either through ancient texts or from archaeological digs. Modern perfumery began in the late 19th century with the commercial synthesis of aroma compounds such as vanillin or coumarin, which allowed for the composition of perfumes with smells previously unattainable solely from natural aromatics alone.In recent years, celebrities have signed contracts with perfume houses to associate their name with a signature scent, as a self-promotion campaign. The scents are then marketed; the association with the celebrity's name usually being the selling point of the campaign. Such products generally do not have the longevity of classic fragrances. A notable exception is "White Diamonds", endorsed by Elizabeth Taylor and made and marketed by Elizabeth Arden. It was still th...

The main objective of this paper was to investigate whether there is an association amongst SMEs’ attitudes, awareness on environmental issues and their environmental management practices. A questionnaire-based survey was chosen to obtain the information on attitudes, awareness and environmental management practices of SMEs. The questionnaire was developed to find out SMEs’ current environmental management practices as well as their attitudes and awareness on environmental issues. The associations amongst attitudes, awareness and environmental practices for waste, energy, and the environment were investigated by calculating correlation coefficient. These analyses revealed that there is no significant association between attitudes and awareness or attitudes and environmental management practices. Attitudes appear to be remaining positive even where awareness is limited. Managers/owners who expressed rather more positive attitudes appear no more likely introduce environmental management practices for their organizations than managers/owners with less or negative attitude.

The main objective of this study was to identify the critical factors that affecting the implementation of environmental management systems (EMSs) of manufacturing SMEs in Sri Lanka. Out of twelve factors, management commitment, professional expertise, financial resources, stakeholders and environmental information are identified as key factors. Based on the survey results, it is proposed that the government should play an important role in promoting environmental management in SMEs. It is necessary for the government to provide active support in the aspects including mandatory policy, encouraging policy and supporting policy.

Background. Corporate sustainability has captured the attention of much of the world over the last few years. The idea of sustainability refers to all spheres of the company' activity, including marketing strategy. Before the company starts addressing sustainable marketing activities to external stakeholders effectively it needs to address them to its employees first. The reasons for that are twofold. First, employees play a key role in the process of implementation of sustainable marketing strategies and programmes to external stakeholders, and thus they determine their effectiveness. Second, their sustainable behaviours performed in everyday work show that the company truly cares about sustainable development, and sustainable activities are not perceived as just cheap promotional, short-term actions. In this paper we assume that culture may differentiate employees' attitude towards sustainable marketing activities addressed to them and thus may differentiate sustainable marketing activities undertaken by company managers. Research aims. To explore sustainable marketing activities used by companies towards employees in Europe and Asia, as well as to identify the differences in the * The paper is the result of an international research project grant financed by the National Science Centre in Cracow, entitled: "Sustainable marketing concept and its implementation in selected European markets-identification of international differences", Harmonia Funding, registration no.

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