Internet of Things (IoT) has brought about a new horizon in the field of pervasive computing and integration of heterogeneous objects connected to the network. The broad nature of its applications requires a modular architecture that can be rapidly deployed. Alongside the increasing significance of data security, much research has focused on simulation-based encryption algorithms. Currently, there is a gap in the literature on identifying the effect of encryption algorithms on timing and energy consumption in IoT applications. This research addresses this gap by presenting the design, implementation, and practical evaluation of a rapidly deployable IoT architecture with embedded data security. Utilizing open-source off-the-shelf components and widely accepted encryption algorithms, this research presents a comparative study of Advanced Encryption Standards (AES) with and without hardware accelerators and an eXtended Tiny Encryption Algorithm (XTEA) to analyze the performance in memory, energy, and execution time. Experimental results from implementation in multiple IoT applications has shown that utilizing the AES algorithm with a hardware accelerator utilizes the least amount of energy and is ideal where timing is a major constraint, whereas the XTEA algorithm is ideal for resource constrained microcontrollers. Additionally, software implementation of AES on 8-bit PIC architecture required 6.36x more program memory than XTEA.

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The modern era of information and technology leverages connectivity and information sharing for enhancing applications and reducing human intervention. The proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) in almost all aspects of modern life raises major challenges of security and privacy in health care services and the pharmaceutical industry. Blockchain has emerged as a secure technology in a trustless network without central governance. The inherent attributes it provides can solve the security and privacy challenges related to IoT and extend its capabilities. However, traditional instances of Blockchain are not suited for the IoT environment for reasons such as computationally expensive consensus process. Proof of authentication is a lightweight consensus algorithm that can be implemented in the IoT environment. This paper presents an IoT-friendly Blockchain scheme implemented to evaluate the feasibility of medical supply and drug transportation to aid security and mitigate privacy issues which are fault-tolerant, transparent, and traceable. The proof of concept implementation on portable single board computer demonstrates proof of authentication consensus algorithm executed with block validation and block addition in 30 and 40 ms while consuming 45 and 60mJ, respectively. Additionally, the network performance of the proposed architecture was presented and evaluated in the application context.

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