Billions of people face consequences throughout the world due to vector-borne diseases. Effective management of vector populations can reduce the burden of vector-borne diseases. The present study was conducted to assess the efficiency of Tropaeolum majus leaf and flower extracts on the Lymphatic Filariasis vector Culex quinquefasciatus. Crude extract of T. majus leaves and flowers was used for larvicidal bioassay against 3rd instar larvae. The effect of both the extracts on non-target organisms was also assessed. Log probit, regression, and ANOVA were carried out to find out the statistical significance. Crude extract of both leaf and flower showed significant larval mortality. 100% and 96% mortality were achieved within 72 h in 2% crude extracts of leaf and flower respectively. After 72 h treatment LC50 value was assessed as 0.56% and 0.78% in the case of leaf and flower extracts respectively, which were quite acceptable. ANOVA analysis established a significant relationship between exposure time and concentration of extracts in imposing mortality to the mosquito larvae. Though, the tests on the non-target organisms showed that those extracts were generally safe. The outcomes suggest that the extracts of T. majus leaves and flowers can be used as an eco-friendly mosquito larvicidal agent. The isolated compounds from this plant may also act as a potent larvicide and are worth further study.

The emergence of resistance in insect vectors and destabilization of the ecosystem by excessive use of synthetic insecticides suggest an environmentally familiar alternative to suppress vector-borne diseases. Nowadays, phytochemicals play a major role in the biocontrol of vector populations. The present work evaluated the mosquito larvicidal potential of leaf and fruit extracts of Olax scandens Roxb. against the 3 rd instar larvae of Aedes albopictus and Culex quinquefasciatus. The result of this assay indicated that the LC50 values of crude extracts of leaf and fruit 72 h post-exposure against Aedes albopictus larvae are 0.496%, and 0.879% respectively. While, LC50 values of leaf and fruit crude extracts against Culex quinquefasciatus are 0.354%, and 0.572% respectively in 72 h of exposure. Both extracts were able to create adverse effects in both the mosquito species and gave satisfactory mortality. Regarding the effectiveness of Olax scandens, the experiment reveals larvicidal toxicity of fruit extract is higher than the leaf extract and toxicity against the larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus is higher than the larvae of Aedes albopictus. The plant, Olax scandens can be used as a potent, plant-derived, eco-friendly, broadspectrum mosquitocidal agent and it may become an important tool in mosquito management programs.