We report the design, synthesis, and bio-studies of novel chloramphenicol-borate/boronate derivatives which could control the infections caused by chloramphenicol-resistant bacteria.

Background: Threatened abortion is a relatively common complication during pregnancy. Inadequate production of endogenous progesterone is implicated as a risk factor for miscarriages. Thus, supplementation of external progesterone can be used as a preventive strategy in these women. Dydrogesterone a stereoisomer of progesterone has a good safety and tolerability profile and is known to effectively prevent pregnancy loss in women with threatened miscarriage, however, real-world data safety and effectiveness analysis of dydrogesterone in Indian patients was lacking. Therefore, this real-world retrospective analysis of the case reports was done to evaluate the safety, effectiveness, compliance, and tolerability of oral dydrogesterone in the treatment of women with threatened abortion.Methods: Data was collected from 194 obstetricians and gynaecologists in India, on the use of oral dydrogesterone in women presenting with threatened abortion in the first trimester of pregnancy.Results: Completed case report forms of patients who met the eligibility criteria (n = 617) were considered for the analysis. The main presenting symptom was vaginal bleeding/spotting with an additional symptom of abdominal cramp/pelvic pain/low back pain in 364 (69.07%) patients. Miscarriage was reported in 45 (7.29%) patients and 23 (3.98%) patients needed surgical intervention before 20 weeks of gestation with dydrogesterone treatment. The median time for relief of symptoms from the start of dydrogesterone tablets was 3.32 days for low back pain, 3.9 days for abdominal pain, and 4.37 days for the establishment of hemostasis. Treatment with dydrogesterone was found to be well-tolerated and adverse events were reported in 3.72% of the patients.Conclusions: This retrospective analysis suggests that dydrogesterone is safe and effective in reducing the incidence of pregnancy loss in women with threatened abortion.

Introduction: Attitude towards homosexuality varies differently in different parts of the world. But, almost everywhere social stigma and marginalisation make them vulnerable to poor health and social outcomes. So, physicians should be made aware and sensitive about this issue in order to provide optimal care without any prejudices and discrimination. Aim: To assess the attitude of the doctors towards the homosexuality at a Medical College, West Bengal, India. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted for three months from August 2021 and October 2021 at Raiganj Government Medical College and Hospital, West Bengal, India. A predesigned, pretested, structured questionnaire was distributed to each of the faculty members of this medical college. The questionnaire was kept anonymous for name, religion, department or academic qualification and began with asking questions on age and sex. It consisted of 18 statements, nine substatements of relevant attitude along with additional specific comments on the subject. The faculty members were requested to put the filled up questionnaires in a drop box placed at a designated area in the Department of Psychiatry. In this way responses were finally obtained from 56 out of total 69 faculty members. All of them were postgraduate degree holders. The attitude scores were compared on the basis of age and sex using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests. A p-value was calculated to find the association of attitude score with age and gender groups. Results: Among the study participants 21 (37.5%) were in ≥50 years age group, 18 (32.1%) in 40-49 years age group and 17 (30.4%) in ≤40 years age group. Males were 41 (73.2%) and females were 15 (26.8%). Forty six (82.2%) participants agreed that homosexuality is “constitutionally determined” (an inherent fundamental right as per Indian constitution). However 34 (60.7%) did not believe it to be a “sexual orientation”. Half of the participants are of the opinion that “homosexuals are easily recognizable”. Forty three (76.8%) respondents are of the opinion that “homosexuals should not be employed in school”. Also 41 (73.2%) believed that “homosexuals are danger to children”. Only 23 (41.1%) generally agreed that they “did not feel embarrassed while talking about homosexuality”. Just above half of the participants agreed that they “really did not understand homosexuality. The attitude scores did not however vary according to age (p-value=0.25) or sex (p-value=0.09) groups. Conclusion: Majority of the study participants had inadequate knowledge on the issues of homosexuality with a more or less neutral stance in their attitude.

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