The paper describes the effect of velocity ratio for mixing glycerol nitration in microchannel hydrodynamic that focused on the stream width. The method used are experimental and theory modeling of hydrodynamic fluid flow focused on predicting behavior stream width glycerol nitration.The research uses microchannel hydrodynamics focused on consisting of three channels inlet (one core and two sheaths). The core glycerol the beginning of the sheath distributed nitric acid with sulphuric acid as a catalyst. The length channel dimension of inlet and outlet of L 1 , L 2 , L 3 = 1000 μm, L 4 = 4000 μm with the width of D 1 , D 2 , D 3 , D 4 = 300 μm, and the depth of w =200 μm. using transparent material that is acrylic with thickness (T 1 and T 2 ) as 5 mm arranged accumulated. Fluid volume glycerol of the core of 2 ml, and volume nitric acid of 1.05 ml (+ aquades 0.75 ml) and sulphuric acid 0.1 ml (+ aquades 0.1 ml). The independent variable namely variation the velocity ratio (v 2 / v 1 ) 0.5, 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10, and 11. It is Added a slight coloring yellow to fluid glycerol and red to a fluid mixture of nitric acid and sulphuric acid, to understand the mixing process of fluid at the reaction of glycerol nitration. The mixing of the measurement of stream width performed on the ratio of the length (α = L 4 / L 1 ) of 1 , 2 and 3.The result shows that diffusion of regional differences takes place in the velocity ratio shown by color changing of data on the picture. The width of focus stream is smaller as increasing the velocity ratio. This is caused by the pressure of a fluid channel sheath against core channel fluid is greater than diffusion reaction, as well as the energy required that is used to form a molecular bond.
Energy-saving technologies and equipment 31 in Indonesia comes from fossil energy sources. Until 2019, power plants in the country are still dominant from conventional energy sources, including coal (50 %), followed by natural gas (29 %), fuel (7 %). While the use of renewable energy is only about 14 %, and for solar energy, utilization is less than 1 % [1]. Currently, the largest energy user in Indonesia is the industrial sector by 36 %, the transportation sector by 40 %, the household sector by 16 %, and the commercial sector by 6 %. 1. Introduction Solar thermal energy is one of the potential energy to be managed and developed further as a source of energy reserves, especially for countries located on the equator, including Indonesia, where the sun shines throughout the year. The potential of solar power in this region can reach 5.1 kWh/m 2 /day (Eastern Indonesia) and 4.5 kWh/m 2 /day (Western Indonesia). However, the majority of energy use
air in an isolated chamber, for example, in a food drying system. Third, conduction is the heat transfer due to sunlight absorbed by the collector/absorber/receiver, which will then be delivered to the object to be heated (water heater). The development of the combination of these three combinations of heat transfer was carried out by many researchers for various applications of solar thermal technology. The type of solar collector used today still uses conventional types from both the material and the type. Parabolic type solar collector is made of glass, so it requires strong 6 ENERGY-SAVING TECHNOLOGIES AND EQUIPMENT
The study aims to find out the influence of internal quality process on the growth of quality culture in private college. This study is treated toward 178 lecturers of 25 private colleges in Sulawesi, Indonesia by means of questionnaire. Confirmatory factor analysis applied to assess the reliability of validity and measurement model. Relationship between latent variable is checked by Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). This finding reveals the importance of facilitating personal involvement in organization and certainty toward implementation of job description in purpose to maximize the use of personal competence, wisdom, skill, and creativity. Simultaneous, multi-stage and systematic internal audit process will become forging experience for staffs, so it will form habits, beliefs, behavior, and attitude. The formation will bring changes of quality culture in private college. Sample is only taken from private college in Sulawesi, Indonesia and it does not involve state college. The finding may not be generalized for the other colleges. Hence, the further study is suggested to complete the gap. Considering the rise of quality assurance standard demand for college, then identification on factors which can grow up implementation consistency of quality management system is an urgent. Therefore, it is recommended that top management of college pay more attention to the process of internal quality audit systematically and continually. This paper explains factors affecting the growth of quality culture as the basis for implementation consistency of ISO 9000 quality management system in private college.
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