We obtain local influence measures and residuals for the unit gamma regression model. In particular, we introduce four residuals that are based on Fisher's iterative scoring parameter estimation algorithm and develop local influence analysis based on several different perturbation schemes: cases weighting, response additive perturbation, and covariate(s) additive perturbation. An empirical application in which variables related to education and investment in research and development are used to explain the proportion of nonpoor people in a set of countries is presented and discussed. Residual and local influence analyses show that the unit gamma regression model yields a good fit to the data, even outperforming the beta regression model. The diagnostic analysis singles out countries whose data are worthy of further investigation. Our results reveal that lower poverty levels are associated with higher shares of investment in high technology. The statistical significance of such a relationship is not sensitive to atypical data points.