This study aims to determine the effect of administration of different concentration of activated charcoal in feed on the morphology of intestinal villi of Giant Travelly juveniles (Caranx ignobilis). This research was conducted in February to March 2018 which took place at the Brackishwater Aquaculture Center (BPBAP) in Ujong Batee, Aceh, and a histology laboratory at the Faculty of Veterinary, Syiah Kuala University. The method used in this study was an experimental method using a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments and four replications. The treatment with different concentrations of active charcoal was treatment A (0%), B (1%), C (2%), D (3%), and E (4%). Results of the study found that treatment C showed the significant difference with other treatments (p <0.05) by morphological values of height (123.6 μm), basal width (63.8 μm), and apical width (42 μm), respectively. Thus it can be concluded that the addition of activated charcoal in feed at 2% can improve the absorption of nutrition in the intestine.

The efforts to improve the stability of membrane filtration in applications for wastewater treatment or the purification of drinking water still dominate the research in the field of membrane technology. Various factors that cause membrane fouling have been explored to find the solution for improving the stability of the filtration and prolong membrane lifetime. The present work explains the filtration performance of a hollow fiber membrane that is fabricated from polyethersulfone-2-(methacryloyloxy) ethyl phosphorylchloline while using a sodium alginate (SA) feed solution. The filtration process is designed in a pressure driven cross-flow module using a single piece hollow fiber membrane in a flow of outside-inside We investigate the effect of Ca and Mg ions in SA solution on the relative permeability, membrane resistance, cake resistance, and cake formation on the membrane surface. Furthermore, the performance of membrane filtration is predicted while using mathematical models that were developed based on Darcy’s law. Results show that the presence of Ca ions in SA solution has the most prominent effect on the formation of a cake layer. The formed cake layer has a significant effect in lowering relative permeability. The developed models have a good fit with the experimental data for pure water filtration with R2 values between 0.9200 and 0.9999. When treating SA solutions, the developed models fit well with experimental with the best model (Model I) shows R2 of 0.9998, 0.9999, and 0.9994 for SA, SA + Ca, and SA + Mg feeds, respectively.

AbstrakKajian penurunan dan rekoveri fluks pada proses ultrafiltrasi larutan natural organic matter (NOM) dengan membran polyethersulfone telah dilakukan. Larutan sodium alginate digunakan sebagai model NOM dalam air, dan profil filtrasinya dipelajari berdasarkan waktu operasi. Proses filtrasi menggunakan modul cross-flow dengan konfigurasi aliran filtrasi pressure driven outside (PDO . Larutan SA pada kondisi pH basa menghasilkan penurunan nilai fluks lebih kecil dibandingkan pada pH Asam dan netral. Rejeksi partikel SA tertinggi diperoleh pada kondisi asam menggunakan membran PES Aerosol OT yaitu sebesar 46,88%.Kata kunci : membran hollow-fiber, ultrafiltrasi, natrium alginat, Flux recovery ratio. AbstractThe study on flux reduction and recovery in the ultrafiltration of natural organic matter (NOM) by polyethersulfone membran has been done. Sodium alginate (SA) solution was used as a model of NOM in water, and its filtration performance was investigated based on operation time. Cross-flow filtration module with pressure driven outside (PDO) configuration was used in this work. The permeability profile of SA solution on polyethersulfone membran has been observed with several treatments condition, such as effects of the presence of metal ions Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ and the effect of pH of solution (acidic, basic and neutral). Polyethersulfone (PES) Membranwith Aerosol OT as additive is used to determine its performance. Flux recovery ratio (FRR) is one of indicator to determine the fouling property which is formed in membran surface. Generally, the SA solution in acidic conditions has the lowest FRR value, while the solution in alkaline conditions has the greatest FRR value. The achievement of SA solution flux with the addition of Mg 2+ ion is greater than the addition of Ca 2+ ion. On the other hand, the SA solution at alkaline pH conditions resulted in a lower flux decrease than at acid and neutral pH conditionThe SA solution at alkaline pH conditions filtrated in this work brought about in decreased flux, and the value is lower than the acid and neutral pH. The highest solute rejection was obtained up to 46,88% in case of the solution under acidic condition using PES Aerosol OTmembrane.