To cite this paper: Sui, C., Y. Liu and M. Zhang, 2018 AbstractNitrogen (N) fertilizer is a key factor in securing high yields in the corn-wheat rotation system. Previous studies exhibited that applying N-containing fertilizers in the field causes low uptake efficiency associated with high loss of N during the cornwheat rotation system. Therefore, this study aimed to detect the fate and use efficiency of N-urea during the corn-wheat rotation system. The study result indicated that the N-release of PCU in synchrony with the N-need by crops resulted in a considerable improvement in NUE over the whole growth period of corn and wheat. The N losses from fertilizer and soil were also reduced.