This article discusses a comparison of various numbers of islands in Indonesia; and it addresses a valid method of accounting or enumerating numbers of islands in Indonesia. Methodology used is an analysis to compare the different number of islands from various sources.  First, some numbers of  Indonesian islands were derived from: (i) Centre for Survey and Mapping- Indonesian Arm Forces (Pussurta ABRI) recorded as 17,508 islands; (ii) Agency for Geospatial Information (BIG) previously known as National Coordinating Agency for Surveys and Mapping (Bakosurtanal) as national mapping authority reported with 17,506 islands (after loosing islands of  Sipadan and Ligitan); (iii) Ministry of Internal Affair published 17,504 islands. Many parties have referred the number of 17,504 islands even though it has not yet been supported by back-up documents; (iv) Hidrographic Office of Indonesian Navy has released with numbers of 17,499; (v) Other sources indicated different numbers of islands, and indeed will imply to people confusion. In the other hand, the number of 13,466 named islands has a strong document (Gazetteer). Second, enumerating the total number of islands in Indonesia can be proposed by three ways: (i) island census through toponimic survey, (ii) using map, and (iii) applying remote sensing images. Third, the procedures of searching valid result in number of islands is by remote sensing approach - high resolution satellite images. The result of this work implies the needs of one geospatial data source (including total numbers of islands) in the form of ‘One Map Policy’ that will impact in the improvement of  Indonesian geographic data administration.

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One source of national wealth is airspace. There is a lot of potential in the airspace, including defense and commercial potential. However, the management of airspace in Indonesia is still not optimal. This can be analyzed from airspace issues related to the Indonesian FIR area on the border of the Natuna Islands. There is still overlap with the neighborhod country, Singapore, regarding the authority to control, use and regulate the Fligt Information Region (FIR) which could impact security and air defense if not resolved immediately. That's why this article presents insights through the literacy method regarding evaluating the use of radar technology to strengthen the defense and sovereignty of Indonesia's airspace. The evaluation was carried out in terms of the hazard related to the threat of jamming issues and flight incidents that occurred. Next, analyze the vulnerabilities related to the characteristics of the FIR and the distribution of radar capabilities. The last evaluation is related to capacity starting from the budget, policies, human resources to the infrastructure owned by air defense in Indonesia. So that from the elaboration of the evaluation it is hoped that it can become one of the inputs and insights to increase the usefulness of radar in order to strengthen defense and fully acquire the sovereignty of Indonesia's airspace.