<p>Sago development requires plant material as superior seedlings for rehabilitation and replanting. Until 2016 two superior sago varieties were released, namely Molat sago varieties from Maluku in 2011 and Selatpanjang Meranti sago varieties from the Meranti Islands Regency, Riau in 2013. Indragiri Hilir Regency, Riau Province is one of the areas of natural sago growth, and producing sago starch . This district has the opportunity to develop sago palms as a potential and regional producer. In connection with that, a research has been conducted which aims to find out and obtain superior sago species from Indragiri Hilir Regency, from 2015 to 2017. The research method was conducted by observing the sago population with high yield potential. For the observation, 10 sample trees every year were selected in each location/village in Gaung Anak Serka District, Indragiri Hilir Regency, Riau Province. Data observations were carried out on the morphological characteristics of sago and suckers, sago starch production potential, and proximate analysis. Observation data were analyzed for diversity, standard deviation and coefficient of variance. Morphological observations and production of Bestari sago starch obtained an average leaf length of 8.00 m, diameter of the diameter of bottom stem 47.37 cm, circumference of the bottom stem 148.52 cm, the number of leaf scars on the leaf-free stem 53.23 scars, the number leaves on the crown 16.98 strands, the distance of leaf scar 12.42 cm, the length of the petiole 231.00 cm, the width of the petiole 9.25 cm, the thickness of the petiole 3.93 cm, the length of the rachis 660.33 cm, the length of the leaflets 155.59 cm, leaflets width 9.39 cm, and dry starch yield 254.94 kg per palm. Proximate analysis results on Bestari sago starch obtained an average water content of 13.00%, ash content of 0.60%, fat content of 0.83%, protein content of 0.84%, crude fiber content of 0.29%, and carbohydrate content was 84.34%, with 350 calories, Vitamin C 0.96 mg/100 gr sago starch, and total sugar around 1.43%. Hoping that sago Bestari variety will become the suckers resources for sago development in Indragiri Hilir Region, Riau Province and other region of Indonesia.</p><p> </p><p><strong>ABSTRAK </strong></p><p>Pengembangan sagu membutuhkan bahan tanaman sebagai bibit unggul untuk rehabilitasi dan penanaman kembali. Sampai tahun 2016 telah dilepas dua varietas sagu unggul, yaitu varietas sagu Molat asal Maluku tahun 2011 dan varietas sagu Selatpanjang Meranti asal Kabupaten Kepulauan Meranti, Riau tahun 2013. Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir, Provinsi Riau adalah salah satu daerah pertumbuhan sagu alami dan penghasil pati sagu. Kabupaten ini memiliki peluang untuk dikembangkan tanaman sagu sebagai potensi dan penghasilan daerah. Sehubungan dengan itu, maka telah dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mendapatkan jenis sagu unggul asal Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir, sejak tahun 2015 sampai tahun 2017. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan observasi terhadap populasi sagu potensi hasil tinggi. Untuk pengamatan telah dipilih sebanyak 10 pohon contoh setiap tahun di setiap lokasi/Desa di Kecamatan Gaung Anak Serka, Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir, Provinsi Riau. Pengamatan data dilakukan terhadap karakteristik morfologi tanaman sagu dan anakan, potensi produksi pati sagu, dan analisis proksimat. Data pengamatan dianalisis keragaman, simpangan baku dan koefisien keragamannya. Hasil pengamatan morfologi dan produksi pati sagu Bestari diperoleh rata-rata panjang bebas daun 8,00 m, diameter batang bawah 47,37 cm, lingkar batang bawah 148,52 cm, jumlah bekas pelepah daun pada batang bebas daun 53,23 buah, jumlah daun pada mahkota 16,98 helai, jarak antar pelepah 12,42 cm, panjang pelepah 231,00 cm,lebar pelepah 9,25 cm, tebal pelepah 3,93 cm, panjang daun 660,33 cm, panjang anak daun 155,59 cm, lebar anak daun 9,39 cm, dan produksi pati kering 254,94 kg per pohon. Hasil analisis proksimat pada pati sagu Bestari diperoleh rata-rata kadar air 13,00%, kadar abu 0,60%, kadar lemak 0,83%, kadar protein 0,84%, kandungan serat kasar 0,29%, dan kadar karbohidrat adalah 84,34%, dengan 350 kalori, Vitamin C 0,96 mg/100 gr pati sagu, dan total gula sekitar 1,43%. Diharapkan varietas sagu Bestari menjadi sumber benih untuk pengembangan sagu di Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir, Riau dan daerah Indonesia lainnya</p>

<p>The study was conducted to determine the potential of three Dwarf Coconut accessions in the production of sap and coconut sugar. The research was carried out in the Coconut germplasm collections of Indonesian Palm Crop Research Institute in Manado on August to November 2015 using the three Dwarf Coconut accession  ie Waingapu Red Dwarf (WRD), Sweet Green Dwarf (SGD) and Raja Brown Dwarf (RBD). Each accession consisting of six palms, and the  three tapped bunches from each palm were observed. Parameters observed were production of sap/bunches/day, length of tapping/bunches, length of bunches and bunches circumference, pH of sap, brix, and sugar yield<strong>.</strong> The results showed that coconut WRD, SGD and RBD can produce sap. Potential production of sap varied between accessions. The average production of sap /bunches /day of WRD (1006.57 ml) was higher than that in RBD (627.81 ml) and SGD (740.79 ml). The average length of taping/bunches was 22-23 days, pH 5.5-5,6 and sugar content (brix) 14,47-16,63%. The sap produced by the three coconut accessions can be processed into sugar. The yield of coconut sugar in the form of crystal sugar was 14.25-16.58%.</p><p>Keywords: potential, Dwarf, coconut, sap, sugar</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p class="Default">Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui potensi tiga aksesi koleksi kelapa Genjah dalam produksi nira dan gula kelapa. Penelitian ini dilakukan di kebun koleksi plasma nutfah Balai Penelitian Tanaman Palma di Manado pada bulan Agustus sampai dengan November 2015 menggunakan tiga aksesi kelapa Genjah yaitu Genjah Merah Waingapu (GMW), Genjah Hijau Manis (GHM) dan Genjah Raja (GRA). Masing-masing aksesi diamati enam pohon dan setiap pohon diamati tiga tandan yang disadap. Parameter yang diamati yaitu produksi nira/tandan/hari, lama penyadapan/tandan, panjang tandan dan lingkar tandan yang disadap, pH nira, kadar gula (brix) dan rendemen gula. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kelapa GHM, GMW dan GRA dapat memproduksi nira. Potensi produksi nira beragam antar aksesi. Rata-rata produksi nira/tandan/hari GMW (1006,57 ml) lebih tinggi dari pada GRA (627,81 ml) dan GHM (740,79 ml). Rata-rata lama penyadapan nira/tandan 22-23 hari, pH nira 5,5-5,6 dan kadar gula (brix) 14,47-16,63%. Nira yang dihasilkan tiga aksesi kelapa Genjah tersebut dapat diolah menjadi gula. Nilai rendemen gula kelapa dalam bentuk kristal/semut 14,25-16,58%.</p><p class="Default">Kata kunci: potensi, kelapa, Genjah, nira, gula</p>

Breeding programs of kopyor dwarf coconut require a population base with high genetic diversity especially for characters that relate to fruit production. The study aims to determine the appearance of three kopyor dwarf coconuts from Pati District and correlations among 13 characters of Kopyor Green Dwarf, Kopyor  brown dwarf, and Kopyor Yellow Dwarf and to study twelve vegetative and generative  characters which directly and indirectly affect the number of fruits. The study was conducted at The Paniki Experimental Garden, North Sulawesi, Indonesia from August 2015 to February 2016. The design used was randomized block design with three treatments and three replications. Observed thirteen characters including number of bunches (NB), number of fruit (NF), number of leaves (NL), number of leaflets (NLL), width of leaflets (WLL), length of the leafleats (LLL), length of petiole (LP), width of petiole (WP), thick of petiole (TP), length of rachis (LR), length of leaf (LL), height of stem (HS), and girth of stem (GS). Path analysis among morphological characters to number of fruits was worked out using the formula of Singh and Chaudary. Results of variance analysis showed Kopyor Green Dwarf and Kopyor Brown Dwarf significantly differed from Kopyor Yellow Dwarf. Results of simple correlation analysis found no correlation among twelve characters with number of fruits for the three  kopyor dwarf coconut, but the results of the path analysis of characters NL (r=0.5627), NLL (r=0.5920), HS (r=0.4861), and GS (r=0.6123) for the Kopyor Green Dwarf; NB (r=0.4241), LP (r =0.6390) , WP (r = 0.8705), LR (r = 0.5235), and LL (r = 0.6257) for the Kopyor  Brown Dwarf; and WLL (r = 0.8413), LLL (r = 0.5617), TP (r = 0.5864), LR (r =1.5795), and LL (r = 1.0228) for the Kopyor Yellow Dwarf directly affect the number of fruits. These characters can be used for basic selection in breeding of kopyor coconut.

<p>Coconut seedlings are growing well with an important role in supporting the success of planting coconut in the field. The higher seed viability are growing well, the more the seed that grew into a coconut seedlings. This study aims to determine seed viability, growth and development of the Bido Tall coconut (DBO) seeds, Hybrid Dwarf x DBO and Khina-1. Coconut variety Bido Tall  is a coconut variety that was just released in 2017 originating from Bido village. This coconut has the advantage of large fruit, fast flowering, short stems,  and stalks slowly getting higher. The research was conducted at the Mapanget Experimental Garden, Indonesion  Palm Crops Research Institute from 2016 - 2018 using a single block method. The material used in this study is derived seed from coconut DBO, Hybrid Genjah x DBO, and Khina-1 coconut. The results showed that the viability seeds of Bido Tall coconut ranged from 73,15% - 88,10%, while the Hybrid Dwarf  x Bido Tall coconut 46,18% - 85,19%. Coconut seedlings do not all grow normally, there are some seeds were stunted (dwarf or a rosette), and the seeds are dead. Besides that, there are seeds that grow with two shoots (polyembriony) and dwarf. Characteristics of plant height, stem girth and leaves number of DB0 coconut are generally higher than Hybrid coconuts Dwarf x DBO and Khina-1. Hybrid Coconut GMW x DBO and GSK x DBO are the two best Hybrid coconut  that has characteristics of plant height, stem girth and leaves number close to or equal to the DBO coconut elders, which is more vigorous than other Hybrid coconuts included with the comparison Khina-1. Red Waingapu and Salak Dwarf coconuts are thought to be the best combining ability with DBO coconut.</p><p align="center"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p>Bibit kelapa yang tumbuh baik mempunyai peranan penting dalam menunjang keberhasilan penanaman kelapa di lapangan. Semakin tinggi viabilitas benih yang tumbuh baik, semakin banyak benih yang tumbuh menjadi bibit kelapa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui viabilitas benih, pertumbuhan dan perkembangan bibit kelapa Dalam Bido (DBO), Hibrida Genjah x DBO dan Khina-1. Varietas kelapa DBO adalah varietas kelapa yang baru dirilis tahun 2017 yang berasal dari Desa Bido. Kelapa ini memiliki keunggulan yaitu buahnya besar, cepat berbunga, batang pendek, batangnya lambat bertambah tinggi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Mapanget, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Palma dari tahun 2016 – 2018 dengan menggunakan metode blok tunggal. Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah benih yang berasal dari kelapa DBO, Hibrida Genjah x DBO, dan Khina-1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa viabilitas benih kelapa DBO berkisar 73,15% – 88,10%, sedangkan kelapa Hibrida Genjah x DBO 46,18% – 85,19%. Bibit kelapa tidak semuanya  tumbuh normal, terdapat beberapa bibit yang terhambat pertumbuhannya (kerdil atau roset), dan  bibit yang mati. Selain hal tersebut,  terdapat  benih yang tumbuh  dengan dua tunas (poliembrioni) dan kerdil. Karakter tinggi tanaman, lingkar batang dan jumlah daun kelapa DBO pada umunya lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelapa Hibrida Genjah x DBO dan Khina-1. Kelapa Hibrida Genjah merah Waingapu (GMW)  x DBO dan Genjah Salak (GSK) x DBO merupakan dua kelapa Hibrida terbaik yang memiliki karakater tinggi tanaman, lingkar batang dan jumlah daun mendekati atau sama dengan tetua kelapa DBO, dan lebih vigor dibandingkan kelapa Hibrida lainnya termasuk dengan pembanding Khina-1. Kelapa Genjah Merah Waingapu dan Genjah Salak diduga paling baik daya gabungnya dengan  kelapa DBO.</p>

<pre>Pinang Emas is a new high yielding variety of arecanut, is resulted from positive mass selection of arecanuts population in Kota Kotamobagu, North Sulawesi Province. The study was purposing to estimate the correlation between vegetative, generative and fruit  component characters to yield of Pinang Emas. The research was conducted in The Kayuwatu Experimental Garden, Indonesia Coconut Palm Research Institue, North Sulwesi, from January to December 2018. Path analysis of 21 characters using formula of Singh and Chaudary. The results of simple correlation analysis produce 25 relationships, most of which are relationships among the fruit component characters and there is no correlation with the number of fruits per bunch (JBT). The results of a simple correlation analysis resulted in 25 relationships, most of which were relationships between fruit component characters and there was no correlation with the number of fruits per bunch (JBT). Path analysis of six characters of fruit component showed only character of polar length of unhusked fruit (PPBTS) has direct effect to weight of fruit with value of r= 0.56 and indirect effect of BBBTS through PPBTS caharacter. The benefit of this research is that the character of PPBTS can be used as a selection criterion for the improvement of the production of Pinang Emas.</pre><p align="center"><strong><br /></strong></p><p align="center"><strong><br /></strong></p><p align="center"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p>Pinang Emas merupakan varietas unggul baru pinang,  sebagai hasil seleksi massa positif dari tetua yang berasal dari Kota Kotamobagu, Sulawesi Utara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui korelasi antara karakter vegetatif, generatif dan komponen buah dengan produksi buah varietas Pinang Emas. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Kayuwatu, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Palma, Sulawesi Utara, mulai bulan  Januari sampai Desember 2018. Analisa sidik lintas 21 karakter vegetatif, generatif serta komponen buah terhadap karakter jumlah buah per tandan menggunakan rumus dari Singh dan Chaudary. Hasil analisis korelasi sederhana menghasilkan 25 hubungan, sebagian besar adalah hubungan antar karakter komponen buah dan tidak terdapat korelasi dengan jumlah buah per tandan (JBT). Hasil analisis sidik lintas tujuh karakter komponen buah, hanya karakter panjang polar buah tanpa sabut (PPBTS) yang berpengaruh langsung terhadap berat buah utuh (BBU) dengan nilai r=0.56, dan pengaruh tidak langsung karakter BBBPTS melalui karakter PPBTS. Manfaat penelitian ini adalah karakter PPBTS dapat dijadikan kriteria seleksi untuk perbaikan produksi Pinang Emas.</p><p align="center"> </p><pre> </pre>