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Problem statement: The importance of diesel particulate filter has been increased later because of its ability in making emission reduction of the exhaust gasses. Diesel Particulate Filters (DPF) do two important jobs: gas emissions reduction and noise reduction, the pores spread inside the DPF store some gases and soot emissions and on the other side it prevents some sound or noise to be gone outside, so it works as a noise reduction device or unit. Diesel particulate filter is considered as a porous media, it's very important to study the flow behavior in such media in order to redesign dimensions, specifications and location of diesel particulate filter on the exhaust pipes. Approach: The flow of gasses through the Diesel Particulate Filters (DPF) unit is studied here analytically and numerically to reach for the best equation describes the real nature of flow behavior. The analytical model is built to find the velocity of flow, pressure drop and nature of flow-laminar or turbulent- at two conditions at cold conditions (25˚C) and hot conditions (500˚C). Also the problem is solved numerically using some appropriate software. A comparison was made between both analytical and numerical results especially the pressure drop effect. Some appropriate software used to describe the reality of the gasses flow through porous media. Results: It was found that the nature gases flow in DPF is laminar; a pressure drop through the DPF was occurred, gases axial velocity, vertical velocity, temperature are all decrease as such gases go through the filter. Vertical velocity's values were very small compared with the axial velocity's values. Conclusion/Recommendations: Gases pressure is decreased as such gases flow along the DPF unit and exhaust system, so there is a pressure drop. Temperature distribution and profiles showed that the values of temperature have a fluctuation along the DPF unit. Axial and vertical velocities were decreasing as the gases flow through the DPF unit and the exhaust system. It is recommended to study the flow as a non-linear 3D problem

The effects of excess feeding oxygen to the fuel-air mixture on air and fuel mass flow rates and also on air-fuel ratio are investigated here experimentally. This study concerned with the effects of injecting pure oxygen quantity to the mixture of fuel and air before interring the combustion chambers. It is found that the mass flow rate of fuel with the oxygen feeding is less than that of with no oxygen feeding at some specific values of engine speeds and the same thing was found for air mass flow rate. The air-fuel ratio also is less with considerable values in the case with oxygen feeding than that with no oxygen samples. Also this technique can be used partially, in some conditions oxygen can be feed into the combustion chambers to increase engine performance.

Problem statement:This study is concerned with a very important problem belonging in the effects of deformable inclined surfaces on a wheel with an elastic trunk. These effects can be represented by two effects: A lateral withdrawal of the trunk and lateral shift of the ground. Also this study aims to study these effects and analyze them mathematically to find a mathematical relation describes them. Approach: A free body diagram of the wheel which represented all forces affected is drawn then starting with the lateral component all angles are calculated, then by building a relations between these different angles and forces, the final relation is derived mathematically which describes the total deformation of the trunk. Results: It was found that inclination angle of the wheel with inclined surface has a nonlinear positive relationship with both trunk deformation and the displacement in x-direction. On the other hand the relation between the inclination angles with both rigidity factor of the trunk and ground volumetric factor is a non-linear negative relationship. Conclusion/Recommendations: The inclination angle was decreasing as both rigidity and ground volumetric factors are increasing. Inclination angle was increasing with the increase in both displacement (x) and trunks' deformation values. The study of trunk deformation was very important since it will lead to reconstruct the wheel system in the future to get more efficient system, and the slipping phenomenon will be easily analyzed in the future.

Problem statement: This study presents a new design for an anti-theft protection System as an inexpensive solution to protect cars from theft and from non-authorized users by using microcontroller-based system. Approach: Three stages of protection to strengthen the security of the car: Firstly, when the user access the car by the car key and entered the wrong password, the power is remain disable. If the power shifted by others, the second level comes by disabling the starter motor from being turned on, so the stolen keys cannot turn the car on. Results: Assuming that the thief or non-authorized person connected the starter motor directly to the car battery, the car well not turned on because the directional valve is set to the case where the fuel is fed back to the fuel tank and no fuel is pumped into the engine, which is the third security level. Conclusion/Recommendations: A microcontroller is programmed using C language, a directional valve is controlled by microcontroller to take the proper valve position to allow the engine to start or not. This system is worked properly and tested successfully