Black Soldier Fly (BSF) larvae treatment is one of the organic waste processing alternatives considered to have a faster process than the other organic waste processes. However, in solid organic waste processing, BSF larvae ability to reduce organic waste is relatively low. This research aims to know the optimum waste reduction index of fruit and vegetable waste with the feed modification of fruits and vegetables' waste, analyze the Efficiency of Conversion of Digested food of BSF larvae, and know the survival rate of BSF larvae. This research used an experimental method with four reactors containing 200 larvae on each reactor. Larvae used in this research were aged 7-18 days. A different larva is fed to each reactor with rate of 100mg/larva per day. The feed are vegetables, steamed vegetables, fruit, and fermented fruit. The frequency of feeding was once a day, and weight reduction from the treatment was measured daily. Reduction results in the vegetable waste, steamed vegetables, fruit, fermented fruit were 45.29%, 42.92%, 33.75%, and 46.25%, respectively. According to the results, the reduction of fruits and vegetables' waste using optimum BSF larvae reached 46.25% in fermented fruit feed treatment. Keywords: BSF larvae, reduction, organic waste, fruit waste, modification   ABSTRAK Larva Black Soldier Fly (BSF) merupakan salah satu alternatif pengolahan sampah organik yang dinilai lebih cepat daripada pengolah sampah organik lainnya. Namun dalam pengolahan sampah organik yang padat, kemampuan larva BSF dalam mereduksi sampah organik cukup rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui reduksi optimum sampah organik buah dan sayuran dengan modifikasi komposisi umpan sampah buah dan sayuran, untuk menganalisis konversi pakan yang dapat dicerna larva BSF, dan mengetahui tingkat keberhasilan hidup larva BSF. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental menggunakan empat reaktor yang berisi 200 ekor larva pada setiap reaktornya. Larva yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berumur 7-18 hari. Setiap reaktor diberikan umpan larva yang berbeda dengan laju pengumpanan 100mg/larva per hari. Umpan tersebut, di antaranya sayuran, sayuran dikukus, buah, dan buah difermentasi. Frekuensi pemberian umpan dilakukan satu hari sekali dan pengurangan berat umpan dari perlakukan yang diberikan diukur setiap hari. Hasil reduksi pada sampah sayuran, sayuran dikukus, buah, buah difermentasi  masing-masing: 45,29%, 42,92%, 33,75%, dan 46,25%. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, reduksi sampah organik buah dan sayuran dengan larva BSF optimum, mencapai 46,25% pada perlakuan umpan buah fermentasi. Kata kunci: larva BSF, sampah organik, sampah buah, sampah sayuran, modifikasi

Muhammadiyah Babat Hospital in Lamongan District is one of the hospitals producing hazardous solid waste. Hazardous solid waste from the hospital has the potential environmental impacts and disrupt the public health both within the environment of the Hospital and surrounding communities, if not managed properly. Hazardous solid waste management system in the Hospital needs to be implemented properly and correctly in accordance with Government Regulation No. 101 of 2014 and KEPMENKES No.1204 / MENKES / SK / X / 2004. This research method using qualitative descriptive method by collecting primary and secondary data. Primary data obtained from observation and treatment in the field by weighing the quantity of hazardous solid waste and documentation of existing hazardous solid waste management, and interview. While secondary data obtained through study of literaturs and hospital documents related to the management of hazardous solid waste. The results showed that management system of hazardous solid waste at Muhammadiyah Babat Hospital was quite good and in accordance with Government Regulation and KEPMENKES. However, there are still some facilities that are not available to support the management of hazardous solid waste. Unavailable facilities include drainage channels, spill reservoirs, easily accessible APARs, and first aid facilities in the temporary landfill of hazardous solid waste in hospital. Suggestions that can be submitted to the conclusion of this research is the need for additional supporting facilities in temporary landfill of hazardous solid waste, in accordance with the applicable regulations, such as drainage channels, spill reservoirs, etc. Keywords: solid waste, hazardous solid waste, management, hospital.

Pengomposan merupakan metode pengolahan sampah organik dengan menggunakan bantuan mikroorganisme sehingga menghasilkan produk kompos. Kualitas kompos harus memenuhi persyaratan SNI 19-7030-2004 supaya aman digunakan untuk tanah. Proses pengomposan dapat terjadi secara aerob maupun anaerob. Pengomposan aerob merupakan pengomposan dengan menggunakan bantuan mikroorganisme aerobik pada kondisi oksigen yang cukup. Sedangkan pengomposan anaerob merupakan pengomposan dengan menggunakan bantuan mikroorganisme anaerob pada kondisi tanpa oksigen. Pengomposan windrow, pengomposan bata berongga, dan vermikomposting merupakan jenis pengomposan secara aerob yang cocok digunakan untuk skala Tempat Pengolahan Sampah Terpadu (TPST). Uji perbandingan dilakukan untuk mengetahui metode pengomposan paling baik untuk diterapkan di TPST Banjarbendo. Perbandingan yang dilakukan meliputi parameter pH, suhu, C-organik, N-total, rasio C/N, dan persentase reduksi sampah organik. Metode pengomposan dipilih berdasarkan hasil uji yang dilakukan terhadap produk kompos dari ketiga metode pengomposan. Pengomposan yang paling baik adalah pengomposan metode bata berongga yang memiliki suhu 27°C, C-organik 10,21, N-total 0,87, rasio C/N 11,74, dan persentase reduksi sebesar 65,2%.

Peningkatan penduduk skala perkotaan dapat meningkatkan jumlah sampah. Jika pengelolaan sampah tidak maksimal dapat menyebabkan pencemaran lingkungan. Salah satu tempat untuk mengelola sampah yaitu TPS 3R. TPS 3R mampu melakukan pengelolaan sampah dari sumber dengan metode dekomposisi dan pengelolaan sampah secara ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan analisis aspek teknis pengelolaan sampah di TPS 3R Desa Janti. Analisis yang akan dilakukan diantaranya yaitu analisis densitas sampah, timbulan sampah, komposisi sampah, recovery factory sampah, mass balance sampah. Hasil dari penelitian kali ini menunjukkan timbulan sampah yang dihasilkan TPS 3R Desa Janti sebesar 3.822 kg/hari. Material sampah yang dapat diolah kembali (recovery factory) di TPS 3R Desa Janti sebesar 2.085 kg/hari. Total sampah yang tidak diolah dan dikirim ke TPA sebesar 1.912 kg/hari dengan persentase 45,44% dari total sampah yang masuk di TPS 3R Desa Janti. Hasil analisis aspek teknis pengelolaan sampah di TPS 3R Desa Janti yaitu perlu adanya perlakuan tambahan terkait Pemilahan sampah di TPS 3R Desa Janti yang harus dioptimalkan dengan penambahan jenis sampah yang dipilah. Hal tersebut dilakukan untuk mengoptimalkan pengelolaan sampah dalam aspek teknis di TPS 3R Desa Janti.

The increase in population is directly proportional to the increase in the amount of clean water. Nearly 80% of clean air becomes waste water. Before being discharged into an air body, waste water needs to be processed first. Operation of WWTP The goal is to treat wastewater to be safely disposed of into the environment. One area that has a communal WWTP is RT 2 RW 12, Bendul Merisi Sub-District, Wonocolo District, Surabaya City. The purpose of this study was to examine the sustainability of communal WWTP in RT 2 RW 12 Bendul Merisi Village, Wonocolo District, Surabaya City. This research is quantitative and quantitative. Communal WWTP at RT2 RW 12, Bendul Merisi Village, Wonocolo District, Surabaya City. Technical aspects have good sustainability status (83.48%), access features are included in a fairly sustainable category (71.38%), institutional aspects have a fairly sustainable sustainability status (56.54%) and economic aspects have a less sustainable sustainability status ( 50%). The results of the study showed that the sustainability status of communal WWTP in RT2 RW 12, Bendul Merisi Subdistrict, Wonocolo Sub-District, Surabaya City was included in the fairly sustainable category (63.85%).