Objective: Neonatal ovarian cysts (NOC) are usually self-limiting structures. However, large or complex cysts may lead to severe complications. A standard guide to management, treatment and follow-up of NOC is not yet available. The aim of this study was to evaluate retrospectively the records of NOC patients from two medical centers.Methods: A total of 20 newborns with NOC were included in the study. The size and localization of the cyst, the age, the signs and symptoms at presentation, and the possible maternal and fetal-neonatal etiologic factors were recorded. Follow-up procedures and treatment modalities were evaluated. Results: The mean age at diagnosis was 34 gestational weeks. The cysts (mean size 53±15 mm) were predominantly in the right ovary (75%) and were evaluated as large cysts in 16 (80%) of the patients. In 5 of the patients with large cysts and in 1 of the 4 patients with small cysts, the cysts were evaluated as complex cysts. Torsion of the ovary was detected in five (25%) cases and these cases were treated surgically. Patients with simple cysts were closely followed by ultrasonography until the cysts disappeared. Conclusion: To date, there is no precise guide for the monitoring and treatment of NOCs. Surgical treatment should always be performed in a way to protect the ovaries and to ensure future fertility. In our NOC series, it has been possible to apply a non-invasive follow-up program and minimally invasive surgical procedures.Conflict of interest:None declared.

The aim of this study was to establish the reference values of preductal oxygen saturation (SpO2) in healthy infants immediately after birth. SpO2 recordings of 200 term neonates (vaginal group;n=150 and cesarean group;n=50) with regular respiratory pattern were evaluated. The median SpO2 values in the first, fifth and tenth minutes were 71, 92, and 98% in vaginal deliveries and 70, 79, and 96% in cesarean deliveries, respectively. SpO2 was significantly lower in the cesarean group at any time after the first minute of life (p<0.0001). The time needed to reach a SpO2>90% was three times longer in cesarean deliveries. Healthy neonates are poorly saturated immediately after birth. The duration to reach a SpO2>90% was longer in infants born by cesarean deliveries.

A. xylosoxidans has the potential to cause serious infections in premature babies. More studies are needed to determine the importance of different sources of infection in hospital units.

Very low birth weight preterm infants are under significant risk of neurologic, developmental, and somatic problems. In this study, 90 infants born with a birth weight <1500 g and/or with a gestational age <32 weeks were evaluated after the first year of elementary school to assess neurodevelopment. The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WISC-R) test, Pediatric Symptom Checklist, and Parent Evaluation of Developmental Status were performed. Mental retardation, cerebral palsy, blindness, epilepsy, and posthemorrhagic hydrocephaly incidences were 14%, 7%, 2%, 5%, and 2%, respectively. The WISC-R score of 32 patients (35.5%) were below 85. Perinatal asphyxia, abnormal neurologic examination, and delayed or impaired speech correlated significantly with low WISC-R scores. Education and income of the father had positive impact on WISC-R scores (P = .042 and P = .026). Parents' concern and presence of cognitive problems were correlated (P = .026). Environmental factors, as well as the prevention of morbidity, affected school performance positively.

Introduction: We aimed to determine the incidence, etiology, risk factors and outcome of bacterial meningitis in neonates. Methodology: Neonates who developed bacterial meningitis between 2003 and 2010 in a tertiary hospital in Turkey were included in the study. Patients born in our hospital were defined as Group 1 and patients referred from other centres were defined as Group 2. Patients with evidence of congenital infections or central nervous system malformations were excluded. Demographic features, delivery type, time of onset of meningitis, co-morbidities, clinical features, blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis, cranial sonographic findings, and outcome of patients were recorded. Results: The study comprised 325 meningitis cases identified from 38,023 hospitalised patients in the neonatology unit among 11,8091 live births. Mean gestational age, birth weight, and hospital stay were 36.8±3.7 weeks, 2.480±924 g, and 26±12.4 days, respectively. Almost half (48%) of the patients were diagnosed in the first seven postnatal days and 52% at 8-30 days after birth. CSF culture findings were positive in 59 (18%) patients (28 in Group 1 and 31 in Group 2). Gram-positive bacteria were the responsible agents in 30 (51%) patients, whereas 26 (44%) patients had Gram-negative bacterial meningitis and 3 (5%) had Candida meningitis. Gram-negative bacteria were predominant in Group 1 whereas Gram positive bacteria were predominant in Group 2. Transfontanel ultrasonography revealed pathologic findings in 17.5% of patients. The total mortality rate was 2.5%. Conclusion: This large-scale study provides essential information about the etiology, characteristics, and outcome of neonatal bacterial meningitis in Turkey.