IntrOductIOnEctopic Pregnancy (EP) is a pregnancy implanted outside the cavity of the uterus. It is well recognised as a life-threatening emergency in early pregnancy. The incidence of EP is around 1-2% in most hospital based studies [1][2][3][4][5][6].Diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion as the classic triad of amenorrhoea, abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding is not seen in majority of cases. Women may present with non-specific symptoms, unaware of an ongoing pregnancy or even present with haemodynamic shock. The contribution of EP to the maternal mortality rates in developing countries including India is not precisely known, with data from few studies indicating 3.5-7.1% maternal deaths due to EP [7,8].The purpose of this study was to appraise all the cases of EP managed at a tertiary care centre over a period of 6 years and, to determine the incidence, risk factors, clinical presentation, management and morbidity associated with EP. MAterIAls And MethOdsThis retrospective study was conducted at Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences, a 650 bedded, tertiary care teaching hospital in south India. The study was approved by the Institute Ethics Committee. The case records of patients diagnosed with EP between October 2009 and September 2015 were retrieved from the medical records department. Patient character istics like age, parity and risk factors for EP were noted. Mode of diagnosis, management modality, complications and need for blood transfusion were also recorded. The primary outcome measures studied were incidence of EP, their risk factors, mortality and morbidity in these women.Data was entered in MS excel spreadsheet and analysed using SPSS software version 19.0. For categorical variables, data was compiled as frequency and percent. For continuous variables, data was calculated as Mean ± SD. resultsOver the six-year period, 7832 pregnancies were diagnosed, among whom 72 pregnancies were extra-uterine. The incidence of EP was 9.1/1000 pregnancies or one in 108 pregnancies. Majority of the women were aged 21-30 years [Table/ Fig-1]. The most common risk factors were previous abortion (36.1%) and pelvic surgery (37.5%). Among the women who underwent pelvic surgery, 15 women had undergone tubectomy and two women had a tubal recanalization.The classic triad of amenorrhoea, vaginal bleeding and lower abdominal pain was present in 29(40.3%) cases. Acute abdominal pain was the most common complaint, seen in 59 (81.9%) women;

Introduction: Emergency Peripartum Hysterectomy (EPH), although relatively infrequent in present day obstetrics, is a life-saving procedure in the event of a massive postpartum haemorrhage.Aim: To assess incidence, risk factors, indications and complications of peripartum hysterectomies at a tertiary care teaching hospital in India.

Aim To assess role of vitamin D‐calcium supplementation on the metabolic profile and oxidative stress in women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) controlled on diet. Methods A randomized controlled trial was conducted at a tertiary care teaching hospital. Seventy women diagnosed as GDM at 24–28 weeks of gestation, controlled on a diabetic diet, were randomized to receive either vitamin D 1000 IU and calcium 1000 mg (group A, n = 34) or vitamin D 250 IU and calcium 500 mg (group B, n = 36) daily for 6 weeks. Levels of serum 25‐hydroxy vitamin D, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), serum insulin, fasting lipid profile and total glutathione (GSH) were analyzed both prior to and after supplementation. Means, standard deviations and mean change were computed. Paired and independent t‐tests were used to determine statistical significance between the two groups. Results Women in group A showed a significant reduction in FPG level (P‐value = 0.007), fasting serum insulin level (P‐value = 0.000), LDL (P‐value = 0.000), total cholesterol levels (P‐value = 0.000) and increase in HDL levels (P‐value = 0.000). Group B had a significant fall only in FPG after 6 weeks supplementation. A significant change in total glutathione level (P‐value = 0.000) was observed in both groups. Conclusion Vitamin D and calcium supplementation at a dose of 1000 IU and 1000 mg, respectively, has a beneficial role in glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism and oxidative stress in GDM.

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