Background: Diverse factors influence the career choice of medical students. This study was carried out to identify career preferences and factors influencing specialty selection among undergraduate medical students of Gujranwala Medical College which has students from multiple cities including Lahore, Rawalpindi, and Faisalabad to name a few. Hence this study will be valuable for the medical education sector because understanding career uncertainty at Gujranwala Medical College will also provide ways of developing better tools and counseling programs to help medical students throughout Pakistan prepare for their future.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among students of Gujranwala medical college. As the sample size for this study was not too large and the targeted audience had close physical proximity, a structured paper questionnaire was used containing multiple-choice questions, dichotomous questions as well as scaling questions with content ranging from their career preferences after MBBS to assessing possible factors that may have influenced their choice of specialty. All information gathered was on a volunteer basis. Anonymity and confidentiality were maintained. The study was approved by the college ethical review committee. A pilot study was done on 20 participants and no discrepancies were found.Results: Out of 218 students, 85 (36%) were male and 133 (61%) were female. Out of the 85 male students, 74 students were undecided about career preference. Out of the 133 female students, 94 students were undecided about career preference. Regarding factors influencing career choice, year/level of study was proven to have a significant association with career choice (p value-value: 0.001). 2nd Year students reported the highest uncertainty (89%), 4th Year students reported the second-highest uncertainty (85%), 5th Year students reported the lowest uncertainty (51%). Career uncertainty also had a significant association with how often students thought about changing their career (p-value: 0.002). The ones who often or always thought about changing careers reported the highest uncertainty (100%), while the ones who never thought about changing careers reported the lowest uncertainty (57%). Conclusion: StudyThe study has shown that a significant number of medical students are uncertain about their career intentions. Year of study, gender, and general satisfaction with the medical field was proven to be major factors in causing such uncertainty about career choice after MBBS. Final year students were most certain about career intentions along with those who never thought about changing careers. While results were consistent with several national and international studies, variability in said results across different studies was also noted.

Background: Malpractice is characterized as "careless, unsuitable, or illegal activity while performing a professional task" by Oxford Learner's Dictionaries (1). Prevalence of alternate healers is a problem of nearly all less economically underdeveloped countries. Pakistan is also one of the victims of malpractice. Factors that contribute to malpractice are proximity, affordable fee, availability, family pressure, and the strong opinion of the community. The objective of the study was to analyze why people choose alternate healers and to evaluate the misconception and myths regarding registered medical practitioners. Methods: A Descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample size of 319 with participants from Gujranwala’s rural and urban areas in 2021. Both the male and female population of Gujranwala was included.  Data was entered and analyzed   in SPSS version 21. Results: The socio-economic and demographic variables considerably effect the choice of health care provider. More people in rural areas visit alternate healers as compared to urban areas. Lack of information and misconceptions about physicians were also the factors effecting health seeking behavior of people. Conclusion: There is a potential to improve the health-seeking behavior and utilization of health facilities by addressing the demand side (community) factors i.e., socio-economic factors, cultural beliefs, by shutting down all unlicensed practitioners and educating the community to avoid visiting them to reduce the probability of exposure to unsafe healthcare practices.

Background: Over the past decade the incidence of Dengue Fever (DF) has increased substantially, and it has emerged as a major public health threat. The objective of this KAP study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices regrading dengue fever. Methods: This Cross-Sectional Study was carried out in Dengue epidemic zones of Rawalpindi. One individual from each household (n = 110) was interviewed. KAP valuation was done by recording scheme. Data were analyzed using MS Excel and SPSS version 21. Chi-square / Fischer exact test and correlation were performed to check the significance of the association. Results: The Participants were from the age bracket of 17 to 26 years; the mean age was 20.2 ± 1.9 years. 53.6% were male and 46.4% were female, and most of them 59.1% were illiterate. A major source of information about infection was reported as news/ radio (73.6%) each, followed by newspaper 68.2%. The mean score obtained by participants was as: knowledge 6.19 ± 1.267; attitude 4.67 ± 1.2 and practice score 3.6 ±1.03. The correlation of these scores revealed a significant positive correlation between knowledge and attitude, and knowledge and practice (p value<0.001). 40.9% of respondents had sufficient knowledge, 54.5% had a good attitude and 64.5% had good practices. Cross tabulation results showed a significant association between knowledge and practices at p-values of 0.02. Conclusion: Overall score for all three categories seems not satisfactory. There is a need to improve the knowledge of the studied area population by involving the residents and health care professionals.

Background: A high level of marital contentment is a measure of marital success. The objectives of this study were to determine whether there is a relationship between marital contentment and independent variables of education and the profession of couples. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 113 participants in 2019. All participants included in this study were working women’s and married for at least six months belonging to the northern part of the city, Gujranwala. Data was entered and analyzed in SPSS version 21. Results: The majority of the couples i.e., 63.7% had the same level of education in terms of years and equivalence, while 49.6% are in the same profession. About 59.3% of women were satisfied in terms of their marital life. There was no statistically significant relationship between marital contentment, education level, and profession. Conclusion: Most of the couples had the same level of education in terms of years and equivalence, while about half are in the same profession.  Most of them were satisfied in their life.