The lifespan and the performance of flexible electronic devices and components are affected by the large accumulation of heat, and this problem must be addressed by thermally conductive polymer composite films. Therefore, the need for the development of high thermal conductivity nanocomposites has a strong role in various applications. In this article, the effect of different particle reinforcements such as single and hybrid form, coated and uncoated particles, and chemically treated particles on the thermal conductivity of various polymers are reviewed and the mechanism behind the improvement of the required properties are discussed. Furthermore, the role of manufacturing processes such as injection molding, compression molding, and 3D printing techniques in the production of high thermal conductivity polymer composites is detailed. Finally, the potential for future research is discussed, which can help researchers to work on the thermal properties enhancement for polymeric materials.

Friction stir welding (FSW) is a method of solid state joining in which the joint is produced below the base metal's melting temperature.This research work investigates the welding properties of the aluminium alloys using the friction stir welding technique. A novel Taguchi-grey relational analysis (GRA)-principal component analysis (PCA) approach were used, the effect of process parameters such as tool feed rate, tool rotational speed, and tool pin profile were discussed to find the best fair weld quality. According to the Taguchi L27 orthogonal array, twenty-seven experiments were designed and the quality of the experimental sample were tested for shear tensile strength, yield strength (YS), percentage elongation (PE), and weld zone hardness (HZ). The optimum process parameters of Taguchi-GRA-PCA results showed with the traverse speed of 70 mm/min, a rotational speed of 1400 rpm, and a triangular tool pin profile. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) evidenced that all the three parameters were significant with the P and F value, and rotational speed was the predominant parameter with 43.56% contribution. Thus, the optimal conditions for this research showed 1.28 percent improvement in the overall weld quality.

India is an agrarian country. About 58% of Indians are dependent on agriculture for their livelihood. At least 12 crore families in India are dependent on agriculture. India is world's second largest producers of rice, accounting for 20% of all world rice production. Rice is usually grown by planting paddy in the fields manually. A major population of India is engaged in agriculture. Rice being the major crop cultivated in India, a huge amount of workforce is engaged in rice production. The common practice of rice cultivation is manual transplanting of seedlings in the puddled soil. Rice is primary and major crop cultivated in India. As the large workforce is engaged in this sector, Traditional method is costly, time consuming and labor intensive work. To make the transplanted system several attempt has been made to design and fabricate this machine. So our main of our project is to design and fabricate a paddy transplanted by using this machine we use decrease the labor cost and increased the productivity. So this machine works on a simple mechanism which is easy to maintain and it is eco-friendly. And no skilled labors are required, only single person is required to operate the machine. In this work, the difficulties while planting the seedlings in the field by the farmers are eliminated.

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are being used more frequently for agricultural spraying as a result of their effectiveness and precision. This project involved building a quadcopter without sensors, cameras, or GPS for agricultural spraying. The quadcopter was created to rapidly and effectively cover a sizable amount of agricultural land, while also minimizing the usage of pesticides and the impact on the environment. The quadcopter's frame, which was made of lightweight materials to give strength and durability while minimizing the aircraft's overall weight, was used in its construction. The quadcopter's frame was made to accommodate four brushless motors, each of which had a propeller to give lift and movement. Four electronic speed controllers (ESCs) were used to control the motors' rotational speed and direction. The high-capacity lithium-polymer (LiPo) battery used by the quadcopter has sufficient power to run the motors and spraying system continuously. A tank, a pump that pressurized the liquid, and a nozzle that released the pressurized liquid over the crops as a fine mist made up the spraying system. A KK 2.1.5 circuit board served as the foundation for the flight control system, which was wired to the battery, four ESCs, and other components. The quadcopter's circuit board was configured to retain its position and altitude while flying steadily. Additionally, it provided buttons and an LCD panel for the user to use to change flying characteristics including the throttle, pitch, and roll. A handheld radio transmitter that interacted with a quadcopter receiver was used to control the aircraft.