Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) can contract okra yellow vein mosaic disease (OYVMD) caused by Bhendi yellow vein mosaic virus (genus: Begomovirus and family: Geminiviridae), vectored by whitefly (Bemisia tabaci). This study was carried out to screen okra varieties for resistance to OYVMD and to determine the correlation of vector population with the severity of the disease. Six varieties namely, Tulsi, Durgah, Sabz Pari, Sarahariya, Ramaan Kirshna and Pooja were grown under field conditions at localities of Shahpur, Tando Adam and Peer Kathi during rabi (winter cropping) and kharif (summer cropping) seasons during 2016 and 2017, respectively. The first incidence percent of the disease was recorded in the 8th week during rabi and the 6th week during kharif growing season. The Tulsi variety remained disease-free during both growing seasons. A significantly lower disease incidence % was recorded in Sabz Pari (29.32%) and Sarahariya (30.09%) varieties than Durgah, Ramaan Kirshna and Pooja during the rabi growing season. Both varieties were disease-free during the kharif season. There was remarkable variation in disease severity recorded in okra varieties at different trials during rabi and kharif seasons using a 0-6 rating scale (i.e., 0 = The disease-free plants, 1 = 1-10 % vein clearing, 2 = 11-25 % vein yellowing of small leaves , 3 = 26-50 % yellow network on some leaves, 4 = 51-60 % yellow network on all leaves, 5 = 60-70 % complete leaves turn yellow or cream color and 6 = 70 % plant stunted, deformed and small fruit and whole plants becomes colorless). Whitefly appeared in the 5th week during the rabi and 4th week during the kharif growing seasons. Vector population during the rabi growing season was significantly higher than in the kharif season. There was a nonsignificant relationship between disease severity and whitefly population in Ramaan Kirshna, Sarahariya, and Sabz Pari varieties. The disease severity in the Pooja variety showed a significant relationship with vector population, but only in the Tando Adam trial (R2= 0.7455, P= 0.0084), whereas the Durgah variety showed a significant relationship between disease severity and vector population in Shahpur (R2= 0.6615, P= 0.0267) and Tando Adam trials (R2= 0.8235, P= 0.0018). The same variety showed a nonsignificant relationship between disease severity and vector population in the Peer Kathi trial. It is concluded that Sabz Pari and Tulsi varieties are resistant to the disease

This study was carried out on the evaluation of different essential oils and biocontrol agents against Alternaria alternata the causal agent of fruit rot. For the pathogenicity test against A. alternata was performed through cut and injection inoculation methods. The antifungal potential of different essential oils like turpentine, laung, neem and castus root was carried out at different doses i.e. 5, 10 and 15% by food poisoned method to find out the effective and suitable oil for the growth inhibition of A. alternata and evaluate the effect of some biocontrol agents on growth inhibition of A. alternata. The findings of this investigation stated that cut method of inoculation showed higher percentage (2.60) of rotting as compared to injection method of inoculation (2.35). Minimum colony growth of A. alternata (31.60, 21.25 and 15.16%) was examined under Laung oil at the dosage of 5, 10 and 15% followed by Neem oil (42.60, 31.60 and 21.30%), respectively. Maximum colony growth of A. alternata (62.71, 52.40 and 41.75%) was observed under Castus root oil at the dosage of 5, 10 and 15%. Zero growth of target pathogen was examined under Turpentine at 5, 10 and 15%. Under control the A. alternata showed (90 mm) colony growth. Minimum linear colony growth of A. alternata was observed for Hypoxylon Sp1 (50.31%), followed by Neurospora spp. (52.97%), Lasiodiplodia theobromae (54.7%), Chactomium subaffine (57.07%) and Fusarium sp. (65.4%). Maximum mycelial colony growth (90%) was recorded in control. Based on present investigation, Similarly, for controlling the linear colony growth of A. alternata under in vitro conditions Turpentine oil ranked 1st, Laung oil ranked 2nd, Neem oil ranked 3rd, Castus root oil ranked 4th.

Efficacy of variousfungicides against powdery mildew of onion all chemical treated 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th observation Score observation in plants (out of 15) were0.97, 2.89, 2.44 and 2.22 against 2.33, 9.00, 10.00 and 10.33 in control; disease infection 6.47, 20.00, 16.30 and 14.07% against 15.56, 60.00, 66.67 and 68.89% in control; infected leaves/plant 0.20, 2.04, 2.38 and 2.02 against 1.04, 4.36,4.99 and 4.04leaves in control, respectively. The Cabriotop observation resulted in infected plants 1.00, 2.56, 1.89 and 1.67 against 2.32, 9.00, 10.00 and 10.33 in control; disease infection 6.67, 17.04, 12.59 and 11.11 against 15.56, 60.00, 66.67 and 68.89% in control, infected leaves 0.41, 2.22, 2.62 and 2.07 against 1.04, 4.36, 4.99 and 4.04 in control, respectively with average bulb weight of 126.50g.The Relly observation in infected plants 0.96, 3.33, 2.78 and 3.11 against 2.33, 9.00, 10.00 and 10.33 in control; disease infection 6.42, 22.22, 18.52 and 20.74% against 15.56, 60.00, 66.67 and 68.89% in control; infected leaves 0.41, 2.22, 2.62 and 2.07 against 1.04, 4.36, 4.99 and 4.04 in control, respectively with average bulb weight of 116.38g against 74.34g in control. Defer plus at observation resulted ininfected plants of 0.95, 2.78, 2.56 and 2.78 against 2.33, 9.00, 10.00 and 10.33 in control; disease infection 6.33, 18.52, 17.04 and 18.52% against 15.56, 60.00, 66.67 and 68.89% in control; infected leaves 0.50, 2.10, 2.48 and 1.96 against 1.04, 4.36, 4.99 and 4.04/plant in control; with average bulb weight of 101.63g, 106.97g and 112.61g overall average bulb weight of 107.07g against 74.34g bulb weight on average in control

T omato (Lycopersicume esculentum Mill.) belongs to the family Solanaceae and is a popular grown vegetable and rank third of worldwide vegetable production (Sadaf et al., 2012). Tomato is a good source of vitamins (A and C) and minerals. It is one of the most widely grown vegetable crops, highly popular due to its high nutritive value, taste and versatile use in various foods. In Pakistan tomato crop is cultivated on 58.4 thousand hectares, with production of 551.0 thousand tonnes and per hectare yield is estimated Abstract | Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) is important vegetable in Pakistan. Tomato leaf curl viral disease caused by tomato leaf curl virus (TLCV) (genus: Begomovirus, family: Geminiviridae) and transmitted by whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) is considered as the most devastating one. Recently, available tomato varieties are not screened against this disease in the agro-ecosystem of Sindh Province of Pakistan. Therefore, in this study 12 commercial varieties of tomato such as, TO

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