No abstract

An ancient time most of the famous and developed historical cities grow near bank of river. Because availability of fresh water for their fulfilment of water requirement. River water was only source of fresh water resource. Due to globalization, modernization and industrialization increase the demand or requirement of water for their activities and further increase pollution of Surface water and Ground water. Today most of the water bodies (surface and ground water sources) have polluted commercial and industrial growth. The rapid development of cities and industries causes a over utilization of land. Due to this congestion population moves on underground structure. This article point out regarding impact of tunneling on subsurface construction (deep foundation, tunnel, basement etc.) on degradation of underground water resources and also obstruct the movement of water on aquifer. The underground construction done in the subsurface levels of urban areas are represents and consolidated in terms of their influence on sub surface water and prevented to the movement or damage the groundwater budget of the flow system.

Arsenic is naturally found in the rocks of the Pleistocene and Holocene ages in the groundwater aquifer media. The district Ballia has many reports which are focused on arsenic contamination in its different blocks. This article is devoted to a thorough study of hydrogeochemical characteristics and the source of origin of arsenic in the groundwater system of the Ballia district. The relationship between this hydrogeologically present arsenic and various cations and anions including some physicochemical parameters are discussed here. These observations have been done using ICP MS and ion chromatographic techniques. The relationship study has been done by using a correlation matrix which is further proven by the dendrogram. Different types of loading plots of various principal components have also been studied with the help of principal component analysis. The nature and quality of groundwater are studied with the help of a piper plot. This research article is a complete and detailed study of the nature of groundwater in district Ballia. It also enlightens the source of arsenic contamination in the study area.