Purpose: This research discusses the optimization design of bucket tooth on the market to produce a lighter design but still maintains its strength, the type of bucket tooth is Verona PC200. Methodology: The optimization process in a bucket tooth applies the concept of topology optimization. A static linear analysis is performed using the finite element method to see the maximum stress that occurs in the bucket tooth. Then the method is determining the design variable of bucket tooth with applied a manufacturing constraint. Optimization gives the new design. Result: The maximum VonMises value is 403.81 MPa. After that topology optimization is done by selecting several variations of the design area which results in a reduction in mass in first variation of 0.72 kg and the second variation 1.49 kg. The mass reduction causes a change in stress that occurs in the bucket tooth to 451.8 MPa in first variation and 458.6 MPa in variation 2, but the stress is still in a safe condition. Value: Optimization of bucket tooth design in this paper can reduce the cost of production for bucket tooth with considering to keep the strength of bucket tooth.
Excavator is heavy equipment that usually used in construction and mining works. Bucket teeth which are located in the tip of bucket excavator are used for digging works. They are easily damaged by direct contact with the media. One of the material used in bucket teeth excavator is mild carbon steel that has carbon content between 0.33% -0.5%. However, the hardness value of this material is not yet meets the standard of bucket teeth excavator so the optimum hardness value based on its heat treatment should be known. Besides that, its tensile, impact strength, and micro structure in optimum condition will also know. Optimization method was done through Taguchi experimental design with L9 orthogonal and ANOVA (Analysis of Variance). Factors or parameters in this research were heating temperature, holding time, quenching media, and tempering temperature. In this experiment, nine specimens of mild carbon steel were tested by different heating temperatures (850 o C, 875 o C, 900 o C), different holding times (60, 90, and 120 minutes), different quenching medias (oil, water, and salt water), and different tempering temperatures (250 o C, 450 o C, 650 o C). Calculation of Taguchi method and confirmation experiment showed that the optimum parameters of hardness are 875 o C heating temperature, 60 minutes holding time, water quenching media, and 250oC tempering temperature. Meanwhile, ANOVA test showed a result that the four factors had an effect on the bucket teeth excavator hardness.
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