FGF21 has a role in modulating the uptake of macronutrients in the body. It is produced by the liver in response to high carbohydrate intake and acts as a signal to the brain to reduce carbohydrate intake. Liver is the main site for FGF21 production under the regulation of Unfolding Protein Response (UPR) in hepatocytes. FGF21 has an important role in regulating peripheral glucose tolerance as well as lipid metabolism. FGF21 expression in the liver depends on the PKR-like ER kinase (PERK)–eukaryotic initiation factor 2? (eIF2?)–activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) pathway. FGF21 can regulate the expression of glucose transporter 1, and increase glucose uptake. In addition, research shows that FGF21 can reduce blood sugar levels and also body weight in mice1. FGF21 can also increase insulin sensitivity by suppressing hepatic glucose production and increasing hepatic glycogen content, so that this can improve systemic glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. The researchers attempted to discover the influence of Hibiscus sadariffa on FGF21 on Diabetes mellitus type 2 patients. The method used was literature review with data generated from various sources such as Google Scholar, Scopus, and Pubmed. FGF21 has an effect on the function of ? and ß cells in the pancreas organ. In the islets of the pancreatic organs of rats with DM, administration of FGF21 increased insulin levels, induced insulin secretion, and inhibited glucagon secretion.

Hypertension is a problem in Indonesia, with 34.1% prevalence. The number reflected the number of hypertensive patients in the 2016 clinic report of Pasirjambu Public Health Center as the most prominent non-communicable disease. This research aimed to discover the specific age of onset and risk factors of hypertension in the village where the health center located. A rapid survey collected the data in May 2017, where 210 women (representing their household) were chosen by randomization inside their respective clusters. Risk factors were analyzed by a robust and parsimonious logistic regression model along with probability count on age as the final prediction. The prevalence of hypertension was 59.5% (95%CI: 52.9, 66.2%). Risk factors for hypertension were age (OR=1.06, p=0.00), stress (OR=1.74, p=0.09) and family history (OR=1.99, p=0.03) but the protective factor was consumption frequency of salty food (OR=0.64, p=0.10). In conclusion, a woman would have a 42.9% chance (95%CI: 33.7, 52.1%) for having hypertension at 40 years old of age after adjusted by other risk factors. Despite only two modifiable risk factors that can be intervened with, it would be worth trying to decrease the pace of onset in hypertension and the prevalence. KEMUNGKINAN HIPERTENSI BERDASAR ATAS USIA PADA WANITAHipertensi merupakan sebuah masalah di Indonesia dengan prevalensi sebesar 34,1%, angka tersebut terlihat dalam laporan tahunan Puskesmas Pasirjambu sebagai penyakit tidak menular terbanyak di wilayah kerjanya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui usia munculnya hipertensi dan faktor risikonya. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui survei cepat di bulan Mei 2017, melibatkan 210 wanita yang mewakili  rumah tangganya dipilih secara random. Faktor risiko dianalisis menggunakan regresi logistik dengan hasil akhir berupa prediksi kemungkinan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan prevalensi hipertensi sebesar 59,5% (IK95%: 52,9; 66,2%). Usia (OR=1,06; p=0,00), stress (OR=1,74; p=0,09) dan riwayat hipertensi dalam keluarga (OR=1,99; p=0,03) menjadi faktor risiko, sedangkan frekuensi konsumsi makanan asin (OR=0,64; p=0,10) menjadi faktor protektif. Setelah adjusted terhadap variabel lain, kemungkinan untuk hipertensi seorang wanita usia 40 tahun sebesar 42,9% (IK95%: 33,7; 52,1%). Pencegahan untuk menurunkan prevalensi dan laju insidensi dapat dilakukan dalam usia tersebut walaupun hanya ada dua faktor risiko yang dapat dimodifikasi.