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Shear wave velocity is one of the most important input parameter in the analysis of geotechnical earthquake engineering problems, particularly to estimate sitespecific amplification factor and ground response study. Dynamic in situ tests such as spectral analysis of surface waves (SASW) or multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) are very expensive. Also due to lack of specialized personnel, these tests are generally avoided in many soil investigation programs. Worldwide, several researchers have developed correlations between the SPT 'N' value and shear wave velocity 'V s ', which are useful for determining the dynamic soil properties. In the present study, more than 400 numbers of soil borehole data were collected from various geotechnical investigation agencies, government engineering institutes and geotechnical laboratories from different parts of Mumbai city, which is financial capital of India with highest population density. In this paper, an attempt has been made to develop the correlation between the SPT 'N' value and shear wave velocity 'V s ' for various soil profile of Mumbai city and compared with other existing correlations for different cities in India. Using Geographical Information System (GIS), a geospatial contour map of shear wave velocity profile for Mumbai city is prepared with contour intervals of 25 and 50 m/s. The scarcity of database or maps of shear wave velocity profile for Mumbai city will make the present geospatial contour maps extremely useful and beneficial to the designer, practitioners for seismic hazard study involved in geotechnical earthquake engineering.

BackgroundThere has been an increase in non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infection reports in humans. Surgeons are concerned about the link between them and surgical site infections. As a result, it has been challenging to determine just how common this illness is. A two-year study by the authors examines the occurrence of NTM infections after different surgical procedures. Design and methodsResearchers at a tertiary care hospital in central India performed this prospective study over two years. NTM was found in six of the 25 instances of post-surgical wound infections. Ziehl-Neelsen staining, Auramine O-Rhodamine fluorescence staining, Multiplex Real-Time PCR, and Genotyping were used to identify the species. ResultsM. fortuitum, M. chelonae and M.kansasii were isolated from discharge in 2 cases each respectively. NTM isolates evaluated for antibiotic susceptibility pattern were all sensitive to Clarithromycin (100%). One case with prolonged healing had to be intervened with amikacin along with clarithromycin. ConclusionNTM is an infection of uncommon nature which can occur following surgical procedures. Identification of these organisms through sensitive techniques and appropriate therapeutic regimen formulation must be done to tackle this growing menace in health care setups.

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