In general, the lower prosthesis consists of socket, leg, ankle, and foot. The socket is the crucial part for connecting the remaining part of the limb and the prosthesis, as it is essential to distribute the load to the amputation patient to provide comfort and add to the proper appearance of the amputation patient. A research that was included methods of manufacturing it, choosing the composite materials necessary for the design, higher durability, lighter weight, and less cost. Previous research used polymer composites reinforced with fibers as glass fibers, carbon fiber, and Kevlar. Other researchers have studied natural fibers' use as reinforcement fiber by mixing resin materials or adding nanomaterials to modify the mechanical properties and reduce costs. After calculating performing the required mechanical tests such as tensile, fatigue, and impact testing, the required properties of the composite material are found, where the prosthesis socket is manufactured below the knee with the application of different loads of the socket. A review of socket models used in developing countries was performed with regard to design, modeling, and finite element analysis (FEA). This review aims to study the material's behavior and mechanical properties by using natural fibers for manufacturing prosthetic sockets. The review discusses the socket manufacture methods proposed to develop the socket industry based on natural fibers to reduce the hot and humid environment using Kenaf and other natural fibers.

The main issue of this research to improve and develop the mechanical properties of the socket composite material for below-knee (BK) prosthesis; several composite materials were proposed, consisting of perlon, Kevlar and carbon fibers, and natural fibers were added as a new idea for the research. Making the theory calculations were for several layers of materials, by using mathematical model, to obtain the best lamination with and without kenaf by calculating the best modulus of elasticity and the best E/ρ ratio. So the experimental tests were carried out on the lamination with a total of 12 layers for thickness (4 mm) each of them, (Group G/withot kenaf) and (Group D/with kenaf). The experimental part included examining the samples by tensile test, bending test, impact test. The results of the tensile test results were for the first lamination and the second lamination for the ultimate tensile strength (134.47 MPa) and (187.39MPa) respectively. As for the elasticity modulus, it was as follows (16.78 GPa) without kenaf and (17.49 GPa) for kenaf lamination. Through the theoretical and experimental results, it was found that the use of natural kenaf fibers led to the improvement of the maximum tensile strength 39.35% and modulus of elasticity 4.23%. The impact resistance was improved by using kenaf by 8.8% due to its durability higher than perlon fiber.