Hydatid disease, caused by Echinococcus granulosus is still endemic in certain parts of world but not a common disease in our country. Hydatid cysts mainly involve the liver and lungs but any other organ can potentially be involved. Renal hydatid cyst is uncommon and represents 2-4% of hydatid cyst in human. We report a case of isolated hydatid cyst of right kidney in our surgical care. A 36 years old lady was admitted under our care with gradually increasing lump and mild pain in right lumbar region for 6 months. Ultrasonography revealed a diagnosis of hydatid cyst. IVU showed smooth filling defect in right kidney which displaced pelvicaliceal system. Serological tests were not done due to unavailability. The patient was operated on and endocystectomy, deroofing and marsupialization were done. Hydatid cyst was confirmed by histopathological examination. Albendazole was started 2 weeks before operation and continued postoperatively for 1 month. The patient was discharged on 8th postoperative day and was closely followed up for 3 years without any further development of hydatid cyst in any organ.Faridpur Med. Coll. J. Jan 2015;10(1): 40-43

Background: Excess aromatase activity is common in males with severely impaired sperm production, as shown by low Semen testosterone and somewhat increased estradiol levels. Elevated estrogen levels cause inhibitory effects of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, resulting in a reduction in LH required for testosterone production and FSH to maximize sperm motility. The main objective of this study was to see how an aromatase inhibitor to Improve Semen Quality in Case of Eugonadotropic Hypogonadism. Methods: This Prospective study was conducted in the Department of obstetrics and gynecology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from June 2020 to May 2021. The sample size was 40 subfertile men with oligospermia. (≤ 10 million/ml), low semen testosterone level (<300 ng/dl) and low testosterone to estradiol ratio (<10). All patients were treated with Aromatase Inhibitor 2.5 mg daily for 4 months. At the end of the 4 months the semen analysis was performed. Statistical analysis was carried out by using IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25 for windows (SPSS version 25.0). Results: The sperm concentration, sperm motility and total motile sperm count significantly increased after Aromatase Inhibitor treatment. The side effects were mild and well tolerated. Conclusions: According to the findings of this study, some men with oligospermia, low Semen testosterone levels, and normal gonadotropin levels may have curable endocrinopathy. In infertile males with a low Semen testosterone to estradiol ratio, Aromatase Inhibitor may be administered to enhance sperm parameters.

The hand grip is severely impaired following high radial nerve palsy due to loss of extension of the wrist, metacarpo- phalangeal joint of fingers and thumb. If radial nerve does not show neural recovery following conservative or surgical repair during the optimum time, tendon transfer is considered the standard treatment. To evaluate and compare the clinical outcome between flexor carpi radialis and flexor carpiulnaris tendon transfer for fingers’ extension in high radial nerve palsy. This randomized controlled trial study was carried out in the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka over a period of two years from January 2013 to December 2014. A total of 30 patients with high radial nerve palsy were recruited, 15 patients were gone through Flexor Carpi Radialis tendon transfer procedure (FCR group) and the rest 15 patients were gone through Flexor Carpi Ulnaris tendon transfer procedure(FCU group). The patients were followed up for 12 weeks after surgical intervention. Out of all patients, 86.7% male were encountered in each group. The mean age was found 31.07±9.14 years in FCR group and 33.60±10.79 years in FCU group. Humerus fracture was remained a major cause of radial nerve palsy in both FCR and FCU groups (26.7% vs. 33.3%). In final follow-up at 12th week, no extension deficit was observed at MCP joint (93.3% vs. 80.0%, p>0.05).The end result of surgical intervention was found satisfactory equally in both the groups (86.7%). In case of high radial nerve palsy, both FCR and FCU tendon transfer procedures are effective forfingers’ extension at MCP joint. Bangladesh Med J. 2019 Sep; 48 (3): 9-15

Introduction: One of the most frequent elbow fractures in childhood, is supracondylar fracture whichrequires rapid diagnosis and treatment. It is usually associated with neurovascular, functional problems and deformity. Objectives: To assess demographic, clinical features and treatment outcomes of the patients who underwent closed reduction and splinting, stabilization by percutaneous pinning or Open Reduction and Internal Fixation(ORIF). Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in the department of orthopedic surgery, CMH, Bogura from June 2017 to December 2018. The inclusion criteria was Gartland type I,II,III fracture who attended in emergency and casualty, between 2 to 13 years of age. Total 40 patients with the mean age 7.5 years were included in the study group. Results: All were closed fractures, 2flexion and 38 extension type. Two (5%) Gartland type I, 24(60%) and 14(35%) had type II and III fracture respectively. 2(5%) were treated by cast immobilization,8(20%)of type llby closed reduction & splinting, 22(55%) and 8(20%) of type ll&lll by crossed k-wire or by ORIF respectively. According to Flynn’s criteria our study shows 33(82.5%) excellent, 4(10%) good, 2(5%) fair and 1(2.5%) poor outcome.4(10%) had ulnar nerve neuropraxia, 1(2.5%) elbow stiffness,1(2.5%) cubitusvarus, 2(5%) experienced superficial pin tract infection. Conclusion: Management of supracondylar fracture should be decided according to patient’s age, fracture pattern and deformity status. Closed reduction and stabilization by percutaneous wiring provides an effective and safe treatment, when failed, open fractures or associated neurovascular complications ORIF should be preferred. JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 15, No 2 (December) 2019: 171-174

:Abdominal vascular injury are among the most challenging and lethal injuries in the traumatized patients. Inferior vena cava (IVC) is the most frequently injured vein during the blunt or penetrating trauma. Ligation of IVC, venorrhaphy, venoplasty, end to end anastomosis, endovascular stenting or graft interposition should be considered in selected cases. However most of the procedures require special setting and surgical team. Relatively simple procedure e.g. venorrhaphy produces narrowing of lumen in many cases. Ligation of IVC may result in thrombosis and embolism thus increases morbidity of patients. Here, in the present case the authors report a patient with IVC injury repaired by venoplasty (cavaplasty) with great saphenous vein patch in a non specialized tertiary hospital and it can be performed by a team led by general surgeon.