BackgroundSurgery for bromhidrosis has a high risk of complications such as hematoma and necrosis. New nonsurgical methods may reduce the burden on surgery and the risks for the patient.ObjectiveThis study was performed to evaluate the efficacy and side-effects of the 1,444 nm Nd:YAG interstitial laser for treating axillary bromhidrosis.MethodsEighteen bromhidrosis patients were treated with a 1,444 nm Nd:YAG laser at Korea University Ansan Hospital. The post-treatment follow-up was 6 months. After the procedure, we confirmed apocrine gland destruction through histopathological examination. At each follow-up, we measured the severity of the remaining odor, postoperative pain, degree of mobility restriction, and overall satisfaction.ResultsAfter 180 days of follow-up, malodor elimination was good in 20 axillae, fair in 12 axillae, and poor in four axillae. At the end point of the study, 14 patients were totally satisfied with the laser treatment, three patients were partially satisfied, and one patient was disatisfied. Pain and limitation of mobility were significantly reduced within 1 week post-operatively, and were almost resolved within 4 weeks post-operatively. A histopathological examination revealed decreased density and significant alterations to the apocrine glands.ConclusionSubdermal coagulation treatment with a 1,444 nm Nd:YAG interstitial laser may be a less invasive and effective therapy for axillary bromhidrosis.

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Despite widespread use of silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) NPs in industry and in our daily lives, no studies so far have evaluated the potential of their skin phototoxicity and sensitization. This study was designed to investigate the potential of phototoxicity and sensitization of SiO 2 NPs. Assessment of the potential of skin phototoxicity was carried out using the 3T3 neutral red uptake test, an HSEM, and an animal model. The potential of skin sensitization was evaluated by a non-radioisotope local lymph node assay (non-RI LLNA). Findings from the present study suggest that the HSEM may be a reasonable model system for evaluation of skin phototoxicity of NPs. In addition, our data demonstrate that non-RI LLNA may be a useful method for identification of skin sensitization of NPs. In this study, we showed that SiO 2 NPs do not induce phototoxicity or skin sensitization.

Acne fulminans is a rare syndrome of fulminant, necrotizing acne associated with bone lesions, constitutional symptoms, and laboratory abnormalities. A case report of an adolescent male with acne fulminans with osteolytic change in metaphysis of the distal radius is presented. Case reportA 14-year-old Korean male was referred to our hospital due to a 2-week history of painful erythematous pustular eruptions with high fever. He had been diagnosed as having acne vulgaris for the past 2 years and sometimes had been administered antibiotics, including minocycline. He was an otherwise healthy boy and had no remarkable family history. Neither intensive physical training nor steroid use prior to onset of disease was noted. On presentation to our clinic, the patient was ill-appearing, trembling, and complained of severe arthralgias (especially wrist pain) and myalgias. Nodulocystic red papules and pustules were scattered over his face, back, and shoulders, and ulcerations with purulent, thick, yellow adherent crust were scattered on his face (Fig. 1).Abnormal laboratory findings included an increase in leukocytes (12.3 9 10 4 /mm 3 ) and neutrophils (84.3%). C-reactive protein level was moderately high at 5.0 mg/ dl. Radiographs showed osteolytic change in metaphysis of the right distal radius (Fig. 2). Liver transaminase levels were normal. Bacterial cultures from blood and skin lesions were negative.Oral administration of a combination of prednisolone 40 mg/day (0.8 mg/kg daily) and minocycline 200 mg/day resulted in rapid improvement of symptoms. The dose of prednisolone was tapered to 10 mg/day within a period of 2 months, and the skin lesions showed gradual Figure 1 Multiple, scaly and some crusted oozing erythematous papules and pustules with hemorrhagic ulcers on the forehead and both cheeks ª