Mining crimes on the development of environmental law issues in Indonesia are not only carried out by individuals but also by corporations. The violations committed by mining corporations are a violation of criminal law. Company management related must be responsible for the violations that occurred. Thus, the principle of ultimum remedium is very important for the enforcement of criminal law in environmental issues. The main problems in this research study are how the corporation's responsibility towards environmental criminal law violations and the application of the principle of ultimum remedium in the enforcement of environmental criminal law. The research method used was normative juridical and descriptive-analytical. The results of the study show that the applications of the principle of ultimum remedium in mining criminal law are not implemented following the applicable laws and regulations. The law No. 4 of 2009 regarding Minerals and Coal states that the environmental law enforcement violations must be settled through administrative law first, before being settled in criminal law as an embodiment of the ultimum remedium principle.

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Microfinance Institutions (MFIs), created based on Law No 1 of the Year 2013 concerning Microfinance Institutions, aim to provide legal certainty and fulfill financial service needs for the poor and/or low-income people. Meeting the needs of financial services by increasing access to micro-scale funding, contributing to the increase in economic empowerment and community productivity, as well as increasing the income and welfare of the community. Thus, MFIs can be one of the effective solutions to support the development of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) due to their financial service procedures being more flexible and more affordable in rural areas. MSMEs are basically part of the poor who have the willingness and productive ability to improve people's lives in the regions. MSMEs must be provided the widest access to obtain funding from MFIs. Hence, it is important to know the role of MFIs in supporting the development of MSMEs. associated with improving regional economies.

A State-Owned Enterprise (SOE) is a company business entity in which all or most of its capital is owned by the state through direct participation from the separated state assets. The research method in the present study is normative juridical supported by library data. Violation of the principle of transparency in a State-Owned Enterprise is a criminal act of corruption. These violations includegiving misleading statements that do not match the facts, submitting false statements relating to company internal data that can be misleading, as well as omission, i.e. eliminating information about actual facts. There is no other choice for State-Owned Enterprises except having to implement and comply with the principles of Good Corporate Governance (GCG). Adherence to the principles of good corporate governance must be carried out by directors and internal stakeholders to make SOEs healthy and resilient. It is expected that acts that violate the principle of transparency in SOEs must be accounted for legally.

Purpose –This study is a quantitative study that aims to identify the total expenditure of teachers in online shopping, the types of products purchased, online shopping platforms and also the factors that influence online shopping.. Methodology/approach –The instrument in this study used a five-point Likert scale survey form. The sample of this study consisted of 319 teachers in Pringsewu district, Lampung, Indonesia, which were selected through snowball sampling. Findings – It was found that,the majority of respondents shop online with a total expenditure of around one million rupiah per year and make online purchases for daily needs such as clothes and accessories or fashion that supports personal appearance. The most widely used online shopping platforms include Lazada, Shopee and Tokopedia. All independent variables significantly contribute positively to online shopping