Chalcogenides are more frequently used to refer sulfides, selenides, tellurides and polonides rather than oxides and all the elements in group 16 of the periodic table are chalcogens. The synthesis of transition metal chalcogenides (TMCs) and their composites involved a wide range of techniques like one pot heat up, hydrothermal, solvothermal, precipitation, co‐precipitation and biological procedures. In light of the possibility of photo‐induced charge‐transfer events leading to intra‐ensemble charge separation, the integration of TMCs onto a strong electron‐accepting material such as graphene which provides unique TMC/graphene consisted of great significance. Electrochemical water splitting is a promising technology for converting, storing and transporting hydrogen energy in a sustainable manner. Because of their unique physical and chemical properties, as well as their low cost, transition metal chalcogenides are fascinating replacements for catalysts in catalytic water splitting. Transition metal chalcogenides have worldwide attention in recent decades due to their applications in chemical sensors, biological and environmental monitoring applications from biosensors to therapeutic treatment agents.