This paper describes the design of a general purpose data logger that is compatible with a variety of transducers, This paper describes the design of a general purpose data logger that is compatible with a variety of transducers, This paper describes the design of a general purpose data logger that is compatible with a variety of transducers, This paper describes the design of a general purpose data logger that is compatible with a variety of transducers, potentially permitting the measurement and recording of a wide potentially permitting the measurement and recording of a wide potentially permitting the measurement and recording of a wide potentially permitting the measurement and recording of a wide range of phenomena. The recorded data range of phenomena. The recorded data range of phenomena. The recorded data 337 2. 2. 2. 2.8 8 8 8 T T T The he he he UART UART UART UART communication to communication to communication to communication to PC PC PC PC The communication between the PC and the Logger was enhanced by the EUSART module in the microcontroller. The microcontroller Pins used for serial communication are RC6 (TXD) and RC7 (RXD). The microcontroller was configured to operate asynchronously this method of EUSART communication does not require a clock signal for synchronization. At an RS-232 data output (TX) onThe Personal Computer side, logic 0 is defined as equal to or more positive than +5V, and logic 1 is defined as equal to as or more negative than -5V. In other words, the data uses negative logic, where the more positive voltage is logic 0 and the more negative voltage is logic 1 [8]. Prior to the differences in voltage level, MAX232 was used to interface the PC to the microcontroller. The EUSART module has a transmitter and Receiver buffer. When to transmit,

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Health technology innovation in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), including countries in Africa, falls far short of meeting the healthcare needs of these settings. The result is a heavy reliance on products and technologies imported from industrialised countries that are often not suited to, or sustainable for, LMICs. Appropriate healthcare products for LMICs are best developed in these countries, where local knowledge and understanding of needs, context and available resources may be incorporated into designs and implementation plans. The objectives for enabling health technology development in LMICs include: 1) expanding the base of expertise through research training programmes with a problem-solving focus; 2) stimulating new knowledge, approaches and solutions by enabling innovation; and 3) integrating research communities within and across institutions to build critical mass. The field of biomedical engineering is central to health technology innovation. This book is a response to the need for biomedical engineering capacity in Africa. It is grounded in the African context. It serves as a resource for academics and students in biomedical engineering, for those interested in entering the field in any capacity and for practitioners at every stage of product development. University leaders intent on establishing new biomedical engineering programmes or departments, may draw on the content for guidance on structuring their offerings. The book reaches beyond Africa, as it is relevant to other LMIC settings, and provides insights to guide global health initiatives focused on technology innovation.

The building of additional transmission network to meet the demand of the ever-increasing load is expensive, and time consuming. An alternative to constructing new lines is the incorporation of the Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System (FACTS); in which a Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) is a member of the ménage, which can be modelled as a combination of Static Var Compensator and Thyristor Control Series Compensator. This study determines the optimal location of the UPFC by randomly adding loads to the existing transmission network until the Fast Voltage Stability Index of one of the lines is at a critical point. This is the vital line in which UPFC components are added. The sizing of the components of the UPFC is determined using Artificial Bee Colony algorithm. The IEEE 30-bus network is exploited as the test bed. The results obtained reveal that the optimal positioning and sizing of the UPFC for the purpose of maximizing loadability of the grid when load angles are assumed to be negligible are the same as when the load angles are considered. The loadability of the test bed when UPFC is not injected in the grid is 440.376 MW, whereas, it is 837.915 MW when the UPFC is optimally located and sized; and this represents 90.27 %. The sizes of the shunt and series components of the UPFC that assist in realizing this maximization are -0.2780 pu and 0.1000 pu respectively.

Injection of a new power system component into an existing power grid often cause change in the behaviour of the power grid to which it is injected. Therefore, forecasting possible unsafe condition(s) of the power grid using an efficient power study tool is essential; and, provision of necessary mitigation actions to ensure a reliable grid is important. This paper, therefore, presents evacuation study of a 400 MW power plant connecting to the 15 GW planned transmission network of the Transmission Company of Nigeria (TCN). The NEPLAN power system analytical software was used in the modelling and simulation of the electric power grid. In the research, load flow, short circuit, transient stability, and contingency analyses were performed on the case study. From the short circuit study, it is observed that if TCN network expansion program is fully implemented, the short circuit level will go beyond the existing switchgear ratings in major substations of the network. However, with the introduction of substation splitting at Omotoso and ongoing Ogijo substations, the short circuit level will be reduced by 15%; leading to improvement in the overall system stability. Keywords—Load flow, short circuit study, transient stability study, and contingency analysis