Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) is an autosomal dominant disorder that has three major features: multiple neural tumors, café-au-lait spots, and pigmented iris hamartomas (Lisch nodules). The purpose of this case report is to advise physicians of the danger associated with the progression of fast-onset massive hemorrhage to hemodynamic instability, which mandates rapid treatment to prevent the development of a life-threatening condition. A 64-yr-old woman with NF-1 was admitted to the Emergency Department (ED) because of a rapidly growing, 10×5×3 cm-sized mass on the left back area. She had previously undergone surgery for a large subcutaneous hematoma, which had developed on her right back area 30 yr before. She became hemodynamically unstable with hypotension during the next 3 hr after admission to ED. Resuscitation and blood transfusion were done, and the hematoma was surgically removed. The mass presented as a subcutaneous, massive hematoma with pathologic findings of neurofibroma. We report a case of NF-1 that presented as recurrent, massive, subcutaneous hemorrhage on the back region combined with hypovolemic shock.

No abstract

Potential software weakness, which can lead to exploitable security vulnerabilities, continues to pose a risk to computer systems. According to Common Vulnerability and Exposures, 14,714 vulnerabilities were reported in 2017, more than twice the number reported in 2016. Automated vulnerability detection was recommended to efficiently detect vulnerabilities. Among detection techniques, static binary analysis detects software weakness based on existing patterns. In addition, it is based on existing patterns or rules, making it difficult to add and patch new rules whenever an unknown vulnerability is encountered. To overcome this limitation, we propose a new method—Instruction2vec—an improved static binary analysis technique using machine. Our framework consists of two steps: (1) it models assembly code efficiently using Instruction2vec, based on Word2vec; and (2) it learns the features of software weakness code using the feature extraction of Text-CNN without creating patterns or rules and detects new software weakness. We compared the preprocessing performance of three frameworks—Instruction2vec, Word2vec, and Binary2img—to assess the efficiency of Instruction2vec. We used the Juliet Test Suite, particularly the part related to Common Weakness Enumeration(CWE)-121, for training and Securely Taking On New Executable Software of Uncertain Provenance (STONESOUP) for testing. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme can detect software vulnerabilities with an accuracy of 91% of the assembly code.

Given that contiguous reads and writes between a cache and a disk outperform fragmented reads and writes, fragmented reads and writes are forcefully transformed into contiguous reads and writes via a proposed matrix stripe cachebased contiguity transform (MSC-CT) method, which employs a rule of consistency for data integrity at the block level, and a rule of performance that ensures no performance degradation. MSC-CT performs for reads and writes, both of which are produced by write requests from a host, as a write request from a host employs reads for parity-update and writes to disks in a RAID-5 array. MSC-CT is compatible with existing disk technologies. The proposed implementation in a Linux kernel delivers a peak throughput that is 3.2 times higher than a case without MSC-CT on representative workloads. The results demonstrate that MSC-CT is extremely simple to implement, has low overhead, and is ideally suited for RAID controllers not only for random writes but also for sequential writes in various realistic scenarios.

No abstract