This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors at www.springer.com/00266 .

BackgroundThis study aimed at overcoming the disadvantages of septal extension grafts and keeping the nasal tip as natural as possible by using different forms of the graft and additional supporting methods depending on the case.MethodsAmong 458 patients who received a septal extension graft from March 2008 to September 2011, 107 patients were selected who underwent at least a 6-month follow-up. Patients were categorized according to the primary objective of the operation; an upturned tip correction or tip lengthening, tip lengthening with tip projection, or retracted columella correction. Each group of patients received a different type of septal extension graft out of 3 different types of grafts based on the purpose of the operation. The evaluation of the results was made from by comparing preoperative and postoperative photographs of the tip angle, projection, and nasolabial angle.ResultsThe average tip angle for the patients in the upturned tip correction group was reduced to 98.3 from 124.9 degrees. For the patients in the tip lengthening with tip projection group, the average tip angle was reduced to 96.8 from 122.4 degrees and the average tip projection was increased to 27.5 from 23.2 mm. The average nasolabial angle for the patients in the retracted columella correction group was increased to 94.6 from 74.8 degrees.ConclusionsSufficient nasal tip lengthening and projection could be achieved by applying a septal extension graft using the graft best suited for the group of patients categorized by surgical objective.

PurposeIn Asians, nasal dorsal and tip augmentation procedures are usually performed at the same time, and most dorsal augmentations use implants. In this study, dorsal augmentation was given by various types of grafts using deep temporal fascia (DTF) for primary rhinoplasty cases using only autologous tissues to improve the curve of hump noses and depressions. For secondary rhinoplasty cases, DTF was used to improve implant demarcation and transparency. Such effectiveness and utility of DTF is discussed.Materials and MethodsBetween May 2009 and May 2012, we performed rhinoplasty using DTF in 175 patients, which included 78 secondary surgery patients and 128 female patients. The mean age of the patients was 31.4. DTF was utilized with various types of grafts without implants to improve the curve in dorsal augmentation of hump noses and cases that required curve betterment. DTF was used to improve implant demarcation and transparency for secondary cases.ResultsThe mean follow-up duration was 1.5 years. Of the 175 patients, 81% were satisfied with the natural correction achieved, whereas 19% complained of undercorrection, which was resolved with additional surgery. No specific complications such as nasal inflammation or contractures were observed.ConclusionDTF can be used with various graft methods for correction of radix, dorsal, and tip irregularities. It can also be used to correct implant contour transparency in secondary rhinoplasty and thus may be considered as a useful supplementary graft material in rhinoplasty for Asians.

Background The costal cartilage allows for versatile and stable cartilage supply for rhinoplasty but disadvantages remain; to minimize these, the 10th costal cartilage was used. We present our experience with the use of the 10th costal cartilage as autologous graft material for rhinoplasty. Methods Sixty-four patients whose 10th costal cartilage had been used for correction of severe caudal nasal deviation, secondary cleft lip nasal deformity, and secondary rhinoplasty with difficulty using the septal and auricular cartilages were enrolled in this study from November 2008 to December 2012. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of this method in rhinoplasty, donor-site morbidity, scarring, and postoperative results, including availability of graft material and complications, were assessed. Results The mean time for cartilage harvesting was 18 minutes, and the mean length of the harvested cartilage was 2.4 cm. The harvested cartilage was used for columellar struts and tip onlay grafts. The natural curvature of the 10th costal cartilage was used, depending on the purpose of the strut. It could be applied without carving in 38 cases (59%). Although revision was performed in three patients, there were no graft-related complications. Conclusions The 10th costal cartilage can be harvested safely and quickly, and its handling procedure is simple. As such, it is a good option as an autologous graft for rhinoplasty.

No abstract