Background: Ectopic pregnancy is a life threatening emergency leading to maternal death. Incidence of ectopic pregnancies has been increasing in last two to three decades with reduction in mortality. The presenting symptoms include abdominal pain, amenorrhoea and/or irregular vaginal bleeding. The present study was undertaken to study the clinical features of ectopic pregnancies in a tertiary care hospital.Methods: The present study on ectopic pregnancies was carried out in Department of Pathology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Karad, Maharashtra, India from January 2010 to June 2014. All the cases of ectopic pregnancy managed surgically were included in the study.Results: Total 102 cases of ectopic pregnancy were studied. Proportion of ectopic pregnancy in the present study is 1 in 205 deliveries. Majority of the cases (37) (36.27%) were noted between 21 to 25 years of age group followed by the age group 26 to 30 years. Ectopic pregnancy was most commonly noted in nulliparous women (44/102) (43.14%). Majority of the cases (50/102) (49.02%) had no risk factors. Abortion was the most common risk factor identified, alone as well as in conjunction with other factors. Ampulla was the most common site for ectopic pregnancy. 55% of the cases were on the right side where as 45% on the left side. We had 2 cases of heterotropic pregnancy with tubal ectopic in both the cases. The typical triad of amenorrhoea, pain in abdomen and bleeding was observed in 21.57% cases.Conclusions: The incidence of ectopic pregnancies is on rise as evident in this study. In order to reduce the morbidity and mortality due to ectopic pregnancies, there is need for early diagnosis especially in high risk cases.

We present the case of a 55-year-old postmenopausal female who presented with complaints of a gradually increasing painless subareolar mass in the left breast of 4 months’ duration. Left-sided modified radical mastectomy was performed and the specimen was histopathologically diagnosed as invasive papillary carcinoma. Immunohistochemistry confirmed this diagnosis. All 8 excised axillary lymph nodes were negative for malignant cells. Postoperative chemotherapy was given and for the past 6 months, the patient has maintained a regular follow-up on an outpatient basis. She does not have any evidence of either local or distant recurrence of tumour metastases.

No abstract

IntRoduCtIonMale breast cancer is a rare neoplasm which accounts for 1.2 -2 % of all cancers in men and 1% of the total cases of breast cancer [1,2]. The incidence of bilateral breast cancer accounts for only 0.5 -1 % of male breast cancers and synchronous cancers are extremely rare [3,4]. Carcinoma of the male breast has many similarities with the breast cancer which occurs in women [5]. We are reporting this case for rarity of the disease, advanced presentation of the lesion and synchronous bilateral breast cancer.

Embryonal carcinoma is a type of non-seminomatous germ cell tumor. Pure embryonal carcinoma of testis occurs only in 3-4% cases. We present a case of 34-year-old man with aggressive clinical course. At the time of presentation, he had left testicular swelling along with supraclavicular mass with extensive metastasis to retroperitoneum, liver, and lung. On gross pathological examination, specimen showed tumor replacing entire testis with involvement of rete testis, epididymis, and spermatic cord. It is observed that many patients with a tumor composed predominantly of embryonal carcinoma have metastasis at the time of diagnosis. Embryonal carcinoma is an aggressive tumor due to its tendency to early hematogenous spread emphasizing its need for early detection and treatment. The estimation of serum tumor marker levels is not conclusive in these cases. We are presenting this case for its rarity, and advanced stage of disease with clinical and histomorphological features.