Background: Science of anaesthesia has revolutionized from traditional only application of relieving patient from pain induced during surgery to wide spectrum approaches like palliative care, critical care, perioperative care along with pain management. Despite of such critical roles in health care sector there is still a lack of awareness about anaesthesiology and anaesthesiologists. Current investigation was aimed towards assessing the awareness of paramedical staff regarding the role of anesthesiology.Methods: Current investigation was a prospective cross-sectional questionnaire-based study conducted on 100 paramedical staff posted in different departments of military hospital Jaipur.  All the study participants were interviewed face to face orally by an investigator using the set of questions listed in the questionnaire. Participants responses were documented and statistically represented as percentage.Results: Current study findings reveal that even though majority of the study participants (91) had experience more than 5 years in the hospital and most of them (˃90%) of participants were having educational level of higher secondary or graduation still the role of anaesthesiologist outside operation theatre was poorly known to paramedical staff. It was also observed in current investigation that role of anesthetist in pain clinic was poorly known to most of the participating paramedical staff.Conclusions: Providing knowledge about expertise of anesthesiologist among paramedical staffs by incorporating anaesthesia in the curriculum, in house training programs, use of pamphlets, internet and other easily assessable techniques is highly desirable for spreading awareness of anaesthesia and anesthetist among paramedical staff, so that patient can avail anaesthesia related services effectively.

Background: The newer adjutants for spinal anaesthesia (SA) have seen numerous modifications over the last two decades. Various doses of clonidine have been tried in past but optimal dose which balances the ill effects has to be discovered. Therefore, this study was designed to study the effect of clonidine as an adjuvant in SA in terms of duration and complication. Methods: Two groups I and II ( with 60 patients each)  received either 3.0 ml of Bupivacaine 0.5% heavy + 0.5 ml of normal saline and 2.5 ml of bupivacaine 0.5% heavy  + 0.5 ml (75µg) of preservative free clonidine respectively. Various haemodynamic parameters and complication were recorded at baseline than 30 min, 1,2,4,6 and 8 hours after SA. Results: Group II shows that addition of clonidine had altered the heart rate and blood pressure significantly for initial two hour duration(p<0.05). No difference in the onset of sensory and motor blockade in both groups. Majority of patients in both group had level of sensory block upto T7 level. Mean VAS score was significantly lower in group II (p<0.001). Group II has prolonged duration of motor blockade (p< 0.00l). The difference in mean duration of analgesia among both the groups was significant indicating that addition of clonidine prolongs the duration of analgesia (p<0.0001). In group II incidence of hypotension and bradycardia is more as compared to group I. Conclusion: Intrathecal clonidine in the dose of 75 µg along with bupivacaine 0.5% heavy prolonged postoperative analgesia and motor blockade. It produces sedation in which patients were asleep and easily arousal and haemodynamic changes which could be easily managed. Keywords: Intrathecal, Bupivacaine, Clonidine, Orthopedics surgeries, VAS score

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Hypotension and bradycardia due to sympathetic blockade are two commonest complications of spinal anesthesia leading to maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Aorto caval compression due to gravid uterus also contributes to the development of hypotension. Wedge under right buttock to provide 250 sideways tilt is used to prevent aortocaval compression by gravid uterus.Low dose bupivacaine heavy with intrathecal fentanyl is recommended as strategy to prevent spinal anesthesia induced hypotension and related complications. The present study was done in our tertiary care centre to compare the effects of fixed dose of Fentanyl 20μg (0.4ml) administered along with two low doses 1.6 ml(8mg) and 1.8 ml(9mg) of 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine (heavy) and assess the adequacy of surgical anaesthesia for caesarean section and hemodynamic changes intra operatively. There was faster onset of sensory blockade, better haemodynamic stability and prolonged postoperative analgesia in patients administered with1.6ml of 0.5% Bupivacaine heavy (8mg) & 20μg Fentanyl (Gp I) compared with patients administered with 1.8ml of 0.5% Bupivacaine heavy (9 mg) & 20μg Fentanyl (Gp II) . Perioperative analgesia was excellent in both the groups. No patient who developed bradycardia or hypotension in Gp I and only 2 patients in Gp II developed hypotension.Post-operative analgesia was for a longer period in Group II as compared to Gp I.