No abstract

Dalam kultur hukum di peradilan saat ini, hakim memiliki kebebasan dalam melaksanakan aktivisme yudisial, termasuk berselisih pendapat dengan hakim lainnya yang membentuk putusan. Tidak sedikit putusan yang diambil tanpa aklamasi, karena terdapat hakim yang mengajukan dissenting opinion. Tulisan ini menguraikan mengenai dissenting opinion sebagai alternatif referensi bagi hakim, khususnya hakim konstitusi, dalam melakukan pembaharuan hukum. Hal ini diperlukan agar dissenting opinion sebagai narasi hukum alternatif dapat memperkaya dan memberikan dorongan perkembangan hukum di masa depan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa dissenting opinion merupakan produk penafsiran hakim konstitusi yang keberadaannya memberikan jaminan bahwa suatu putusan lahir dari perdebatan yang futuristik. Kendati tidak memiliki kekuatan hukum, dissenting opinion dapat dijadikan sebagai alternatif referensi bagi hakim konstitusi dalam memeriksa perkara yang relatif sama. Hal ini dikarenakan persoalan konstitusionalitas merupakan isu yang terus berkembang, bahkan seringkali menjadi acuan dalam pembaharuan hukum yang signifikan, sehingga hakim konstitusi harus menggali hukum dari berbagai perspektif yang relevan, termasuk di dalamnya menjadikan dissenting opinion sebagai alternatif referensi. Telaah ini diharapkan mampu menjadi kompas yang dapat menunjukan arah pembaharuan hukum kedepannya.

This study aims to obtain information on the factors that hinder the inventory and mapping of potential Geographical Indications as mandated by Article 70 Paragraph (2) letter e of Law Number 20 of 2016 concerning Trademarks and Geographical Indications. This research is a non-doctrinal legal research that analyzes the operation of law in society. The approach taken focuses on the effectiveness of the rule of law, implementation of the rule of law using deductive logic. The primary data collection technique was carried out by in-depth interviews with the informants. The results of the study indicate the lack of understanding of the community and stakeholders in RiauProvince about the concept of GI protection, as well as the absence of regional legal politics that is oriented towards the protection and development of GI potential in order to improve the community and regional economy, causing a lot of GI potentials in the Region which are Regional Superior Products not to be registered. and in the Inventory, other than that other factors are that there has not been an equitable socialization regarding the importance of protecting GI and the benefits of its protection by the Directorate General of Intellectual Property

Work place violence against health care workers has happened in all over the world and begun to be a global phenomenone. Due to COVID-19 pandemic, violence against health care workers increase rapidly. This was caused by many factors and unfortunately, health care workers feel helpless when this happened. Therefore, legal protection towards health care workers in case of work place violance is needed. In Indonesia legal system, there are some law and regulations that regulated protection of health care workers. Health care workers basically will be protected by law when they carry on their duty and any violence that was made toward them during their work can be prosecuted. Beside of protection by the law, both of Government and Health Institution need to make a prevention scheme to decrease work place violance toward health care workers.

General Election as a means to realize the ideal of democracy does    not merely aim to determine who will get the position in the parliament but it also should represent the sovereignty of the people. In the 2009 General Election, however, parliamentary threshold was prevailed and implemented. This regulation is included on Article 202 The General Election Act number 10/2008 which stated that political party of General Election participant must fulfil at least an amount of 2.5% of total valid national vote to be included in the representation determination of the House of Representative.A number of Indonesian peoples objected the rule. This is because parliamentary threshold deemed to be potentially demolished the political right of the people. Besides, the implementation of parliamentary threshold in bottom level considered to have some potential horizontal conflict because, for example, if someone voted as a selected candidate but they do not fulfil the parliamentary threshold, this particular candidate cannot obtain a seat in the parliament. This can be seen in the petition of judicial review to the Constitution Court regarding this parliamentary threshold regulation.It can be concluded  that  the  relevance  of  parliamentary  threshold to democratic General Election execution can not be separated from the mechanism and reasons in determining the the amount of threshold numbers in said rule. Requirement for determining the threshold is not merely based on a reason to strengthen presidential system chosen by the Indonesian people. In this case, the people’s voice should not be represented merely by the parliamentary number having position in the House of Representative. If this happens, then there will be some concerns of the emergence of political interest to strengthen the position of a particular political party in the  parliament.