(Diacetoxyiodo)benzene [PhI(OAc) 2 , DIB] was able to promote the reaction of sodium aryl sulfinate and potassium iodide (KI) with alkenes and alkynes to afford the corresponding vinyl sulfones and β-iodovinyl sulfones, respec-

Acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) is a disease with a high rate of relapse and drug resistance due to the remaining leukemic stem cells (LSCs). Therefore, LSCs are specific targets for the treatment of leukemia. CD123 is specifically expressed on LSCs and performs as a specific marker. Curcumin is the main active compound of a natural product with low toxicity for humans. It has been reported to inhibit leukemic cell growth. However, curcumin is practically insoluble in water and has low bioavailability. In this study, we aimed to formulate curcumin nanoparticles and conjugate with the anti-CD123 to overcome the low water solubility and improve the targeting of LSCs. The cytotoxicity of both curcumin-loaded PLGA/poloxamer nanoparticles (Cur-NPs) and anti-CD123-curcumin-loaded PLGA/poloxamer nanoparticles (anti-CD123-Cur-NPs) were examined in KG-1a cells. The results showed that Cur-NPs and Cur-NPs-CD123 exhibited cytotoxic effects on KG-1a cells with the IC50 values of 74.20 ± 6.71 and 41.45 ± 5.49 µM, respectively. Moreover, anti-CD123-Cur-NPs induced higher apoptosis than Cur-NPs. The higher uptake of anti-CD123-Cur-NPs in KG-1a cells was confirmed by using flow cytometry. In conclusion, the anti-CD123-Cur-NPs formulation improved curcumin’s bioavailability and specific targeting of LSCs, suggesting that it is a promising drug delivery system for improving the therapeutic efficacy against AML.

o -I o d o x y b e n z o i c A c i d / T e t r a e t h y l a m m o n i u m B r o m i d e / W a t e r C o m b i n a t i o nAbstract: A simple and efficient procedure has been developed for the oxidation of cyclic and acyclic acetals to the corresponding hydroxyalkyl carboxylic esters and simple esters, respectively. 2-Iodoxybenzoic acid (IBX) in the presence of tetraethylammonium bromide was employed for the reaction in aqueous media. The salient features of the protocol include short reaction time, environmentally benign reagents and solvent, and moderate to high yields.

No abstract

o-Iodoxybenzoic acid (IBX)/iodine in dimethyl sulfoxide at 65°C oxidatively and efficiently converted various amines into the corresponding nitriles in good to excellent yields. Under the reaction conditions, amines were selectively oxidized to the nitrile in the presence of a primary hydroxy group within the same molecule.Nitriles are very important intermediates in synthetic organic chemistry. 1 Consequently, their synthesis under various conditions has been continuously developed. While a wide variety of synthetic approaches to nitriles from diverse chemical sources have been developed, 2 nitrile synthesis from amines has been one of the classical routes. Numerous metal-based oxidants, such as nickel peroxide, 3a silver reagents, 3b,c Cu(I) or Cu(II) with O 2 , 3d-g copper reagents, 3h lead tetraacetate, 3i,j OsO 4 , 3k K 2 S 2 O 8 with Ni(II), 3l,m and ruthenium reagents 3n-r have all been used for carrying out this transformation. Other reagents are PhIO, 4a NaOCl in ethanol, 4b trichloroisocyanuric acid with TEMPO, 4c molecular iodine in aqueous ammonia, 4d and 1,3-diiodo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin in aqueous ammonia. 4e In addition, oxidations employing electrochemically generated reagents have also been addressed. 5In the past decade, hypervalent iodine reagents have attracted increasing interest because of their selective and mild properties as oxidizing agents in organic synthesis. 6 Of the various hypervalent iodine reagents known, iodine(V) reagents have received substantial attention in recent years, particularly Dess-Martin periodinane (DMP) 7 and o-iodoxybenzoic acid (IBX). 8 However, Dess-Martin periodinane is unstable upon prolonged storage and is thus best synthesized immediately prior to use. In contrast, IBX, the DMP precursor, is fairly stable -though it was reported to be explosive upon excessive heating or impact. Some recent applications of IBX in organic transformations include dehydrogenation of ketones and aldehydes to the corresponding a,b-unsaturated analogues, 9a dehydrogenation of amines to the corresponding imines and N-heterocycles, 9b,c oxidative cleavage of dithioacetals, 9c oxidative transformation of primary carboxamides into one-carbon dehomologated nitriles, 9d and conversion of 1,3-diols into 1,2-diketones. 9e As part of our interest in finding synthetic applications of IBX and its derivatives, 10 we envisaged the use of an IBX/I 2 combination for the transformation of amines into the corresponding nitriles (Scheme 1). To our knowledge, such a conversion has only been reported using the less stable iodine(V) compound, DMP. 11