Based on the school based curriculum states that the teaching of writing skill is aimed at enabling students to master the functional and monologue texts in the form of genres. However, previous studies revealed that Indonesian students still have problems in learning it because writing itself involves aspects of grammatical form, choice of words, generating and organizing the ideas into coherent and logically ordered. Those have become a hard challenge for many students in Indonesia. To overcome this, collaborative writing technique is one of writing techniques to help students learn and develop their writing. This article discusses it from both theoretical perspective and pedagogical procedures for teaching writing of collaborative writing technique. Keywords: Teaching, Writing Skill, Collaborative Writing Technique

Antioxidant and toxicity of Puspa (Schima wallichii) were studied. The plant extracts were prepared for biological screening. Antioxidant activity of extracts was analysed by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) as stable free radical, while toxicity of extracts was analysed by Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method. The result showed that ethyl acetate, methanol and butanol extracts were very active as antioxidant, as indicated by IC 50 value of 11.44, 17.97 and 12.55 µg/mL for DPPH inhibition, respectively. Whilst n-hexane extract was not active as antioxidant indicated by IC 50 value of 257.91 µg/mL, but aquadest extract was less active as antioxidant indicated by IC 50 value of 171.94 µg/mL. The toxicity test result showed that all extracts were active against Artemia salina Leach with LC 50 value of 107.35-902 µg/mL. Furthermore, isolation of individual bioactive compound of ethyl acetate extract that most active as antioxidant was carried out using column chromatography followed by preparative Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). The active isolate was then identified using TLC, Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) and Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy (LCMS). The identification result showed that the major compound contained a putative compound known as theanine with MS 174.26 g/mol. The isolate was very active as antioxidant with IC 50 value of 48.04 µg/mL, although it was less active than the extract. The isolate was also toxic with LC 50 value of 27.71 µg/mL so that puspa leaf potentially to be developed as a natural antioxidant and anticancer agent for preventing of human diseases.

This study explores pre-service EFL teachers’ experiences in learning to teach English at the teaching practicum program during the COVID-19 Pandemic. The study adopts a qualitative narrative inquiry to capture the pre-service EFL teachers’ events or stories experienced in their learning to teach at schools. Drawing on semi-structured interview data, we found that the majority of the pre-service EFL teachers forced themselves to understand digital literacy and be able to adopt various learning platforms such as Google Classroom, Youtube, Zoom meeting, and Whatsapp in the online teaching at the practicum program during COVID-19 Pandemic. They supposed that those ways were effective enough to deliver learning materials, interact with their students and achieve learning goals. However, during online teaching at the COVID-19 Pandemic, the teaching practicum program did not run well because during the process of online teaching the pre-service EFL experienced various challenges: poor internet connection, lack their participation, and negative attitude. Therefore, the strategies they employed to overcome the teaching challenges were creating a comfortable learning atmosphere by using certain learning platforms, communicating actively with the students’ parents to encourage their online participation, and growing their self-confidence and motivation.

Perkembangan usaha tanaman hias di berbagai daerah di Indonesia telah menjadi sumber pendapatan pelaku usaha tanaman hias, sehingga turut berkontribusi terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi Bangsa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat pendapatan pada usaha tanaman hias "UD. Rahma Nurseri" di Kabupaten Muna. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari 2019 sampai bulan Maret 2019. Lokasi penelitian ini ditentukan secara "purposive" (sengaja) dengan pertimbangan satu-satunya usaha tanaman hias yang berkembang di Kota Kabupaten Muna. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis pendapatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pendapatan usaha tanaman hias "UD. Rahma Nurseri" memberikan keuntungan sebesar Rp. 3.250.000 perbulan dengan biaya operasional usaha sebesar Rp. 7.680.000 perbulan. Tingkat keleyakan usaha ini yaitu sebesar (1,9) yang berarti setiap pengeluaran sebesar Rp 1 akan memberikan pendapatan sebesar Rp 0,9.

The impact that Covid 19 has on teaching and learning activities is quite pronounced, this can be seen from learning that should be done directly and meaningfully now can only be done independently. That way students do indirect learning by utilizing online or online learning that is deemed quite effective in situations like today. Extracurricular activities are activities carried out in developing certain aspects of what is found in the ongoing curriculum, including those related to how the actual application of knowledge learned by students is in accordance with the demands of their life needs and the surrounding environment. Extracurricular is an educational activity outside of class hours which is shown to help the development of students, according to their needs, potentials, talents, and interests through activities that are specifically organized by students and / or educational staff who are capable and authorized at school.