This study was conducted to determine the effects of bypass fat on postpartum reproductive performance in dairy cattle. A total of 40 advance pregnant crossbred dairy cows of 2 nd to 5 th parity were randomly divided into two groups, control (n=10) and treatment (n=30). The control animals were maintained on routine standard feeding schedule. The treatment animals in addition to routine standard feeding schedule, were supplemented orally daily with extra 100 g of bypass fat (Enerfat, Kemin) for about 2 weeks before expected date of calving and continued one week after calving. The level of bypass fat was then increased as per the milk production @ 10 gram per litre of milk produced until 60 days postpartum limiting to maximum of 250 gram/day. Blood samples were collected from each animal at 2 week prior to expected date of calving (-14), day 0, 10, 20 and 30 of calving, for the estimation of various blood biochemical parameters. Gross uterine involution and the interval from calving to first estrus occurrence were recorded. Bypass supplementation non-significantly reduce uterine involution time and time from calving to first postpartum observed estrus. Peripartum bypass fat supplementation significantly (P<0.05) increased serum glucose and total cholesterol but significantly (P<0.05) decreased serum (non-esterified fatty acids) NEFA level.

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The study was conducted in Ajmer district of Rajasthan, out of 10 tehsils of Ajmer district two tehsils i.e. Bhinay and Bijainagar were selected purposively. Further, four villages from each selected tehsil were identified. From each village 20 respondents were selected randomly. Thus, the entire sample consists of 160 respondents. The data was collected through the personal interview. The existing housing and health care management practices were separately enlisted. The frequencies were obtained for different housing and health care management practices included in the study. The score of individual practice was converted

Horse is a seasonal breeder with reproductive activity being associated with long days, i.e. occurring in spring and early summer. Early equine pregnancy shares many features with that of more intensively assessed domestic animals species, but there are also characteristic differences. In mares, early diagnosis of pregnancy can be done due to the spherical shape. The ultrasonic visualization of conceptus is possible from day 9 of equine pregnancy. In spite of numerous, substantial advances in equine reproduction, many stages of embryonic and foetal morphological development are poorly understood, with no apparent single source of comprehensive information. Hence, in the present study we aimed at studying the dynamics of early embryonic developments in equines, particularly for Marwari breed of horses. The results from the current study revealed that, embryonic vesicles (EV) were first observed on 11th day, fixation occurred after 16.25±0.25 days of ovulation, EV lost spherical shape on 15.83±0.38 days, became oval on 17–18th days and irregular on 19–20th days. Heartbeat, detection of allantoic sac, start of foetal ascent, start of foetal descend and end of foetal descend were detected on 23.91±0.41, 23.58±0.35, 38.66±0.28, 40.66±0.33 and 47.33±0.28 days, respectively. In conclusion, early detection of embryonic vesicles and continuous changes observed in conceptus structure indicate positive pregnancy, viability of embryo and are much beneficial in preventing economical loss of equine owner and stable farm.