Internet of Things (IoT) is a paradigm that has gained more popularity in recent years. At a conceptual level, IoT refers to the interconnectivity among our everyday devices such as personal computers, laptops, tablets, smart phones, PDAs, and other hand-held embedded devices. These devices now communicate smartly to each other. The goal of the Internet of Things is to enable things to be connected anytime, anyplace, with anything and anyone ideally using any path/network and any service. Internet of Things is a new revolution of the Internet. Objects make themselves recognizable and they obtain intelligence by making or enabling context related decisions thanks to the fact that they can communicate information about themselves and they can access information that has been aggregated by other things, or they can be components of complex services. This paper surveys some of the standard and non-standard protocols that are used for network routing in IoT applications. It should be noted that we have partitioned the network layer in two sub layers: routing layer which handles the transfer the packets from source to destination, and an encapsulation layer that forms the packets. Encapsulation mechanisms will be out of scope of this paper. Six network layer routing protocols of IoT were discussed in this paper.

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Object-oriented modeling has become the de-facto history of object oriented modeling languages is a rich standard in the software development process during the last source of lessons to be learned. In every language, there are decades. A great deal of research in this area focuses on proposing features to exploit and pitfalls to avoid. modeling languages. Several techniques such as empirical studies, model basedIn order to properly understand, and assess an object oriented evaluation and metric based evaluation, have accomplished to modeling language, we believe that a set of criteria or . ' requirements is needed. This Paper presents a framework to investigate and compare graphical object oriented modeling proposes a criteria set that can be used both as requirement languages. This framework is based on a requirement set for an specification in new 00 modeling language development and ideal object-oriented modeling languages. as a framework for comparison existing languages. The rest of this paper is organized as follows: Section II Index Terms-Object-Oriented modeling languages, overviews the related work, section III presents state of the art comparison framework, requirement set, UML comparison framworkreuireenin object oriented modeling languages. Section IV introduces the proposed requirement set for graphical object oriented