Background: β-thalassemia major is a secondary iron load state. The high serum ferritin accounts for abnormal lipid profile. This study was done to investigate the lipid profile in children with β-thalassemia major and to know their correlation with serum ferritin.Methods: Fifty-five (55) children of beta thalassemia major in the age group of 4-20 years from thalassemia unit of tertiary care hospital who were on regular blood transfusion and oral iron chelators were enrolled. Serum ferritin levels and lipid profile of these children were investigated and their correlation was assessed. Results: Out of total 55 children 31 (56.4%) children were of female sex and 48(87.3%) were Hindu by religion. The mean rate of blood transfusion was 157.02±21.33 ml/kg/year with average dose and duration of iron chelation with Desferroxamine was 34.4±26.86 mg/kg /day and 2.34±1.86 years respectively. Mean cholesterol level, high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL) levels were on lower side of the range with values of 124.47±19.81 mg/dl, 36.58±12.22 mg/dl, 63.94±4.57 mg/dl respectively. The mean triglyceride level (TG) was on higher side with an average of 142.93±33.7 mg/dl. The average serum ferritin levels were 2130.33±859.85 ng/ml. There was negative correlation of total cholesterol, HDL, LDL with serum ferritin with coefficient of correlation (r= -0.77, -0.55, -0.72) respectively. The serum triglyceride had positive correlation with serum ferritin with coefficient of correlation(r=+0.85).Conclusions: As the serum ferritin increases, there occurs more derangement of lipid profile in form of decreasing serum cholesterol, HDL, LDL and increasing serum TG levels.
Background: Childhood under-nutrition is an important public health and development challenge in India. Undernourished children have significantly higher risk of mortality and morbidity. Objective of present study was to identify the anthropometric status of complicated Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) in Southern Rajasthan, India.Methods: It was a retrospective study conducted in children admitted at Malnutrition Treatment Centre attached to a tertiary hospital. Basic socio-demographic and anthropometric records of all children between 6 months to 5 years of age were analysed.Results: Out of the total 1554 SAM children admitted in last two years, 855 (55.01%) were males and 699 (44.98%) were females. Mean weight was 6.17±1.59 kg, mean height was 71.65±8.6 cm and Mid upper arm circumference (MUAC) was 10.99±1.53 cm. Among these, 1375 (88.48%) children fulfilled weight for height (WFH) criteria, 919 (59.13%) fulfilled MUAC criteria and 246 (15.83%) had edema. On WFH Zscore analysis, 53% had <-3SD and <-4SD, 19.88% had <-5SD, 9.97% had <-6SD, 3.47% had <-7SD and 1.67% had <-8SD. Also, we observed that lower values of MUAC ranging from <11.5cm to <9cm. MUAC of 11.5-10cm was in 43.43% of children and 15% had MUAC <10cm. Among the children of all age group, we observe that males of 6-24 months of age are more significantly affected as compared to females.Conclusions: The study highlights the fact that extreme grades of malnutrition exist in our area ranging upto Z-score of -8SD and beyond, and is not limited to -3SD and -4SD. Also, males are the more affected of the two sexes in our rural and tribal area setting.
Background: Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is one of the most common health problem. SAM children are more prone to severe infections that culminates into different co-morbid conditions and consequentially leads to electrolyte derangements. Hence this study aims to find out the incidence of dyselectrolytemia (Na+ and K+) in malnourished children with different clinical co-morbid conditions.Methods: It was a hospital based prospective, case-control study conducted on 100 children of complicated as study group and 50 children of uncomplicated SAM as control group, over a period of six months in year 2016. The children included as per WHO reference criteria of SAM in 6 months to 5-years age group. All the enrolled children were assessed with detailed clinical examination according to different co-morbidities, including anthropometry and routine investigations along with serum electrolytes (Na+ and K+) and chest x-ray.Results: In our study, out of 100 complicated SAM children, dyselectrolytemia was present in 94.0% children. The SAM children with most co-morbidities had subnormal sodium ranging from 128-135 mEq/L while potassium was normal ranging from 3.68-4.34 mEq/L at the time of admission. We observed that mean sodium level was 131.82±6.66 mEq/L while mean potassium level was 4.17±1.03 mEq/L in complicated SAM children. In control group children mean sodium level was 135.90±4.26 mEq/L while mean potassium level was 4.14±1.11 mEq/L.Conclusions: To conclude that dyselectrolytemia is high in complicated SAM and it is mainly sodium disturbances in the form of hyponatremia in different co-morbid conditions. Hence, we recommend that due care is to be given for management of dyselectrolytemia in complicated SAM children.
A field experiment was performed in the course of rabi year 2017-18.to study the effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and biofertilizers on the protein content of seeds of garden peas (Pisum sativum L.) cv. Arkel. The experiment was set up in RBD, with 11 treatments in three replications comparing nitrogen and phosphorus levels, as well as bio-fertilizers, to the control.A significant increase in protein content from 15.60% to 22.06% when 20 kg per hectare N + 40 kgper hectare P + Rhizobium + PSB was applied (T5), maximal nitrogen concentration in plants was 20 kg per hectare N + 40 kg per hectare P + Rhizobium + PSB (T5) (2.30 per cent). T5 was statistically comparable to 20 kg per hectare N + 40 kg per hectare P + Rhizobium (T3) and 20 kg per hectare N + 40 kg per hectare P + PSB (T4).
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