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This study aims to examine the ignition pattern of CI engines run by nonedible mango seed biodiesel (MSBD). This work is also aimed to improve the ignition pattern of diesel engines by inducing hydrogen as a dual fuel in the intake manifold at various mass flow rates of 5 and 10 L per minute (lpm). Various parameters were calculated with varying intake hydrogen rates with MSBD and compared with diesel. Results concluded that the hydrogen supply at 10 lpm improved peak pressure by 3.22 bar, heat release rate (HRR) by 5.47 J/°C A, and brake thermal efficiency (BTE) by 3.4% of MSBD. Further, hydrogen supply also reduced overall HC by 0.36 g/ kWh, CO by 3.9 g/kWh, and smoke emission by 3.8 Bosch smoke unit (BSU) at all brake mean effective pressures (BMEPs) from neat MSBD with a 3.3 g/kWh increase in NO. Further, this research work reveals that hydrogen addition at 10 lpm with MSBD shall improve the ignition patterns of a diesel engine.

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