Fasciolosis is a parasitic disease of cattle that cause a significant economic loss in cattle production in Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was conducted with aim of assessing prevalence and associated risk factors of bovine fasciolosis in Jimma Horro district from November 2016 to November 2017. Fecal samples from randomly selected 384 cattle of different age group, sex and body condition were collected and examined with parasitological techniques (sedimentation technique). The prevalence of bovine fasciolosis as determined from coprological examination was highest in Une (31.3%), followed by Makanisa (29.2%), Abono (26.1%) and Ilu Kitaye (24.0%) peasant associations. The overall prevalence of bovine fasciolosis was 27.6% (106/384) in the study areas.Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified season (OR= 4.6), sex (OR= 6.1), age groups (OR= 32.4) and body condition (OR= 5.8) of cattle as risk factors (P<0.05) for fasciolosis in the study area. However, there were no statistically significant differences observed between herd size, species composition and origin of cattle (P> 0.05).The present finding shows that fasciolosis in cattle is the most economically important parasitic disease affecting cattle and common in Jimma Horro district. Hence, there is a need to create awareness about impact of disease on cattle production and appropriate control methods of fasciolosis should be designed and implemented. Further epidemiological investigation should be carried out in the study area.

A cross-sectional study was conducted to isolate and identify of Escherchia coli, Pastuerella multocida, Salmonella gallinarum and Salmonella pullorum from the holding grounds of five purposively selected Addis Ababa live bird markets from November 2016 to May 2017 using bacterial culture, grams staining and biochemical testing. A total of 90 pooled fecal samples were collected as both deep (35) (bottom layer of the feces) and surface (55) (top layer of the feces). The specimens were inoculated directly into blood agar and incubated at 37°C for 24 h. After subsequent subcultures of the colony on the blood agar, to get pure colonies, the isolates were cultured on MacConkey agar and Salmonella shigella agar to differentiate bacterial colonies. Gram staining and biochemical tests were carried out on the pure colonies and a loop of the isolates were inoculated into nutrient broth and kept for further investigation of the bacteria. The results of the study revealed that, out of the 90 total samples examined, 32 (35.55%) of the samples were found to be positive for E. coli. Based on the sample types the study indicated that 55 (61.10%) surface fecal samples, 32 (58.20%) samples were positive for E. coli, and in 35 (38.90%) deep fecal layers, there was no E. coli positive samples. There was a statistically significant difference between sample types and E. coli isolation rate (p< 0.05). P. multocida, S. gallinarum and S. pullorum were not found during this study. Live bird markets may serve as source of public health and economically important bacteria; however, further microbiological and epidemiological investigation is needed to determine the types of major bacteria predominating in the Addis Ababa live-bird markets and the roles and magnitudes played by these markets in the epidemiology of these pathogens.

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Trypanosomosis is a serious disease that causes a significant production loss in cattle. A cross sectional study was conducted in Jimma Horro District of Kellem Wollega Zone, Western Ethiopia to determine prevalence and associated risk factors of bovine trypanosomosis from October 2016 to October 2017. Blood samples from randomly selected 384 cattle of both sex and different age group were collected and examined with parasitological techniques. The overall prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis was 3.7% (14/384) in the study areas. The infection was highest due to Trypanosome congolense (50%) followed by Trypanosome vivax (28.6%) and Trypanosoma brucei (21.4%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified body condition as risk factors (P<0.05) for trypanosomosis in the district. However, there were no statistically significant difference observed among age groups, sex, skin color and different peasant associations (P> 0.05). The overall mean Packed Cell Volume (PCV) value was statistically significant difference between aparasitaemic and parasitaemic cattle (P< 0.05).The study showed that bovine trypanosomosis is one of the constraints to cattle production in Jimma Horro District. Hence, there is a need to create awareness about impact of disease on cattle production and appropriate control methods of trypanosomosis should be designed and implemented.

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