Objectives: To determine the frequency of dental caries in patients with type II diabetes mellitus. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Dental Department of Science of Dental Materials Department and Oral Pathology Department. Period: 6 months from October 2016 to February 2017. Material and Methods: All the diagnosed patients of type II diabetes mellitus either gender were selected for the study. Complete dental clinical examination and duration of diabetes were carried out. Dental caries were categorized as mild moderate and severe. Duration of diabetes was categorized as < years and > 5 years. All the data was recorded in the self-made proforma. Results: In this study total 58 patients were selected with history of type II diabetes mellitus; patient’s mean age was 46.36+5.34 years. Male gender was found in the majority 38(65.5%). Majority of the cases 37(63.8%) were found with low socioeconomic status. 26(44.8%) patients had history of type II diabetes mellitus less than 5 years, 32(55.2%) were with more than 5 years history of diabetes. 15.51% patients were without dental caries, 37.39% patients were with mild, 34.4% had moderate and 12.06% patients were with severe dental caries. No significant difference was found in severity of dental caries when compared with duration of diabetes p-value 0.93.  Conclusion: We concluded that there are a big prevalence dental caries among patients with type II diabetes mellitus, while severity of dental caries was insignificantly associated with duration of diabetes.

Background:In the patients of cirrhosis oral health id generally poor and may lead oral infections. Periodontal disease is an infection of structures in mouth that surround the teeth, which is linked with several systemic diseases, including cirrhosis. Objective: To determine the frequency of Periodontitis in patients with cirrhosis at Chandka medical college hospital and Bibi Asifa dental college hospital Larkana.

ABSTRACT… Objectives:To know the accuracy of puffed cheek technique in detecting buccal mucosal tumor keeping histopathology as gold standard. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Radiology and Imaging Department of Liaquat University of restorative and Health Sciences, cases were referred from dental department. Period: 2014 to 2015. Subjects and Methods: All these patients were underwent subsequently CT scan and histopathology. The CT results were then compared with the histopathological results. Results: Total number of patients comprising my study was 44. Out of these 28 were males and 16 patients were females. Range of the age was from 25 to 55 years with mean of 36.2+4.3 years. The results proved that sensitivity 88.2%, specificity was 100%, positive predictive values PPV was 100% and the negative predictive values NPV 71.4% of CT scan with puffed cheek technique in detecting mucosal tumors while overall accuracy of CT in diagnosing buccal mucosal tumors patients was 90.9%. Conclusion: CT puffed cheek is accurate technique to detect small buccal mucosal tumors.

Objective: To determine the copper and zinc levels in serum among oral submucous fibrosis patients using various areca nut products by taking healthy individuals as control at Isra University Hospital Hyderabad. Methodology: This descriptive case-control study was conducted on patients of oral submucosal fibrosis (OSMF) attending the Outpatient Department, Oral Surgery Isra Dental College, Isra university during a period of one year from November 2016 to October 2017. A total of 30 patients above 16 years of age and who were diagnosed cases of OSMF and gave history of areca nut and its commercial products consumption for more than one year were included as group (B)and in equal number healthy individuals were enrolled as control as group(A). The 6ml blood sample was collected in gel tube and then we centrifuged at 3000 rpm gravity for 10min to separate the serum from blood. The 4 to 5ml serum collected in this way was analyzed by spectrophotometric method on Hitachi 902(Roche Germany). The levels of copper and zinc were estimated from serum of both groups. All the data was collected via study proforma and analysis of the data was done by using SPSS version 20. Results: Mean age of the patients was 23.33±4.97 years and mean age of healthy controls was 22.80±4.61 years. The males were most common in both groups. Manipuri was commonest consumed areca nut (50.0%) followed by sweet scented areca nut and Gutkha 33.3% and 36.6% respectively. Mean of serum Cu in patients was lower 86±4.20 µg/dl in contrast to controls 114.0±13.8 µg/dl (p-0.0001). Average of serum Zinc was higher among patients 94.20±15.11 µg/dl as compared to controls as 68.06±17.10 µg/dl (p-0.0001). Conclusion: The average of serum copper level was observed to be significantly less and average of serum zinc significantly higher among OSMF patients using areca nut as compared to healthy individuals. These serum trace element levels could be used as potential prognostic and diagnostic markers in the OSMF patients. Key words: OSMF, Zinc, Copper, Areca nut

Abstract A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the adoptability of CK-19 as a routine diagnostic assay and potential prognostic marker following disseminated oral squamous cell carcinoma in Pakistani population. The current descriptive study was conducted at Isra Dental College Hospital, Isra University, Hyderabad, Pakistan. Suspected patients of oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC), who visited the Isra Dental College Hospital’s outpatient department from January 2014 up to January 2015 with four year follow up (from January 2015 up to December 2019), were included after ethical approval of the Institutional board. SPSS version 21.0 was used for data analysis. Sixty cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) were selected for CK-19 quantification by using PCR before and after incisional biopsy.